Dementia and depression: Biological connections with amyloid β protein.

Autor: Dos Santos HM; Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil., Bertollo AG; Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil., Mingoti MED; Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil., Grolli RE; Laboratory for research into care, patient safety, and technological innovation in nursing and health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil., Kreuz KM; Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil., Ignácio ZM; Laboratory of Physiology, Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology [Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol] 2024 May; Vol. 134 (5), pp. 563-573. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 08.
DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13996
Abstrakt: Dementia is an umbrella term for a broad group of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. It is estimated that dementia affects 50 million people worldwide and that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is responsible for up to 75% of cases. Small extracellular senile plaques composed of filamentous aggregates of amyloid β (Aβ) protein tend to bind to neuronal receptors, affecting cholinergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission, leading to neuroinflammation, among other pathophysiologic processes and subsequent neuronal death, followed by dementia. The amyloid cascade hypothesis points to a pathological process in the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), resulting in pathological Aβ. There is a close relationship between the pathologies that lead to dementia and depression. It is estimated that depression is prevalent in up to 90% of individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, with varying severity, and in 20 to 30% of cases of Alzheimer's disease. The hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis is the great intermediary between the pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases and depression. This review discusses the role of Aβ protein in the pathophysiological mechanisms of dementia and depression, considering the HPA axis, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, signalling pathways and neurotransmission.
(© 2024 Nordic Association for the Publication of BCPT (former Nordic Pharmacological Society). Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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