Mediterranean-style dietary interventions in adults with cancer: a systematic review of the methodological approaches, feasibility, and preliminary efficacy.

Autor: McHugh A; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia., O'Connell E; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia., Gurd B; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia., Rae P; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia., George ES; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia., Kleckner AS; Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA., Baguley BJ; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia. b.baguley@deakin.edu.au.; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. b.baguley@deakin.edu.au.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of clinical nutrition [Eur J Clin Nutr] 2024 Jun; Vol. 78 (6), pp. 463-476. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 08.
DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01426-8
Abstrakt: Background: Cancer and its treatments can lead to excess body fat, decreases in lean mass, cardiotoxicity, and other side effects. The Mediterranean diet (MED-diet) has the potential to improve clinical and supportive care outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the MED-diet on health outcomes in adults with cancer.
Methods: Three databases were searched from inception to February 2023. Eligible studies included randomised controlled trials testing a MED-diet intervention among adults with cancer. Within- and between-group differences for adherence, dietary intake and health outcomes were extracted.
Results: Fifteen studies describing fourteen interventions were included, and there were considerable differences in study design and implementation of the MED-diet. Studies were predominately in women with a history of breast cancer. The MED-diet was safe with no adverse events reported, and feasible with high adherence and/or increases in MED-diet-compliant foods. The MED-diet when applied with an energy restriction below estimated requirements for weight loss demonstrated reductions in body weight (range: -3.9 kg to -0.7 kg). Interventions that showed significant reductions in body weight also improved quality of life. There is limited evidence to evaluating the MED-diet on cardiovascular and inflammatory markers, and heterogenous MED-diet prescriptions impede definitive conclusions on these health outcomes.
Conclusion: The MED-diet was feasible and safe for adults with cancer. There were reported benefits for weight loss following a MED-diet when an energy restriction was applied, however further evaluation to determine the effects on cardiometabolic biomarkers and other outcomes are required.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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