Diagnosing Alzheimer's disease: Which dementia screening test to use in elderly Puerto Ricans with mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease?

Autor: Rodríguez-Santiago MA; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA., Wojna V; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA.; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Neurology University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA., Miranda-Valentín E; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA., Arnold S; Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital Wang Ambulatory Care Center Boston Massachusetts USA., Sepúlveda-Rivera V; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA.; Medical Sciences Campus School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Geriatrics Division University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands) [Alzheimers Dement (Amst)] 2024 Mar 07; Vol. 16 (1), pp. e12554. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 07 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12554
Abstrakt: Typically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis is not made at its earliest period, for instance, at mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early AD (E-AD). Our study aims to demonstrate a correlation between the screening tools, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), and the biological biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ42), phosphorylated tau (p-tau) proteins and total tau (t-tau)/Aβ42 ratio in Puerto Ricans > 55 years old with MCI and E-AD. We evaluated 30 participants, including demographics, memory scales, and CSF biomarkers. Twenty-eight CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, p-tau protein, and t-tau/Aβ42 ratio) were analyzed using the Meso Scale Discovery Platform (MSD). Associations between memory scales (MoCA, MMSE, CDR) and CSF markers were performed using Spearman rho correlation. Our study revealed a statistical association favoring a direct relationship between MMSE and MoCA with t-tau/Aβ42 ratio in CSF ( P  = 0.022, P = 0.035, respectively). We found a trend toward significance with an inverse relationship with MMSE and Aβ42 (P = 0.069) and a direct relationship with MMSE and p-tau (P = 0.098). MMSE and MoCA screening tests were identified with a statistically significant association with the CSF biomarkers, specifically t-tau/Aβ42 ratio, in elderly Puerto Ricans with MCI and E-AD. Puerto Ricans > 55 years old with MCI and E-AD could be screened confidently with MMSE and MoCA for a higher likelihood of earlier detection and, thus, initiation of disease-modifying treatment and prompt non-pharmacological interventions.
Competing Interests: The authors of this study have no conflict of interest to report. Author disclosures are available in the supporting information.
(© 2024 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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