Two-Year Longitudinal Study Reveals That Long COVID Symptoms Peak and Quality of Life Nadirs at 6-12 Months Postinfection.

Autor: Demko ZO; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Yu T; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Mullapudi SK; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Varela Heslin MG; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Dorsey CA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Payton CB; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Tornheim JA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Blair PW; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.; Austere Environments Consortium for Enhanced Sepsis Outcomes, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA., Mehta SH; Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Thomas DL; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Manabe YC; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA., Antar AAR; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Open forum infectious diseases [Open Forum Infect Dis] 2024 Mar 06; Vol. 11 (3), pp. ofae027. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 06 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae027
Abstrakt: Background: Few longitudinal studies available characterize long COVID outcomes out to 24 months, especially in people with nonsevere acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study sought to prospectively characterize incidence and duration of long COVID symptoms and their association with quality of life (QoL) from 1-24 months after mild-to-moderate COVID-19 using validated tools in a diverse cohort of unvaccinated people infected with SARS-CoV-2 in 2020.
Methods: At 1-3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months post-COVID-19, 70 participants had orthostatic vital signs measured, provided blood, and completed surveys characterizing symptoms, QoL, and return to pre-COVID-19 health and activities using validated tools (FLU-PRO+, Fatigue Severity Scale, Insomnia Severity Index, General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression 8-Item, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item, 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, EuroQol EQ-5D-5L).
Results: During the study period, 33% of participants experienced long COVID (had not returned to pre-COVID-19 health status and reported at least 1 symptom >90 days postinfection); 8% had not returned to their pre-COVID-19 health status 24 months postinfection. Long COVID symptoms peaked 6 months post-COVID-19, frequently causing activity limitations. Having long COVID was significantly associated with decreased QoL in multiple domains. Frequencies of orthostatic hypotension and tachycardia reflected levels reported in the general population. Within-person weight increased significantly between months 1 and 6. Long COVID was associated with pre-COVID-19 obesity and hyperlipidemia, but not with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels 1-3 months postinfection.
Conclusions: Long COVID occurs in a significant proportion of unvaccinated people, even if the acute illness was not severe. Long COVID prevalence peaked 6-12 months post-COVID-19, and a small proportion of participants still reported not returning to their pre-COVID-19 health status 24 months post-COVID-19.
Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. Y. C. M. has received research grant support to Johns Hopkins University from Hologic, Cepheid, Roche, ChemBio, Becton Dickinson, and miDiagnostics, and has provided consultative support to Abbott, outside the present work. All other authors report no potential conflicts.
(© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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