Survival trends among people living with human immunodeficiency virus on antiretroviral treatment in two rural districts in Ghana.

Autor: Sackeya E; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; Tatale District Hospital, Tatale, Northern Region, Ghana., Beru MM; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale Metropolitan, Tamale, Ghana., Angmortey RN; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; Tamale Teaching Hospital, Tamale Metropolitan, Tamale, Ghana., Opoku DA; Allen Clinic, Family Health Services, Kumasi, Ghana.; Department of Global Health and Internal Health, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Boakye K; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Baatira M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; St. Joseph's Midwifery Training College, Jirapa, Ghana., Yakubu MS; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Nalerigu-Ghana., Mohammed A; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Ayisi-Boateng NK; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Boateng D; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.; Julius Global Health, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands., Nakua EK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Edusei AK; Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Mar 06; Vol. 19 (3), pp. e0290810. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 06 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290810
Abstrakt: Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has caused a lot of havoc since the early 1970s, affecting 37.6 million people worldwide. The 90-90-90 treatment policy was adopted in Ghana in 2015 with the overall aim to end new infections by 2030, and to improve the life expectancy of HIV seropositive individuals. With the scale-up of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, the lifespan of People Living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretrovirals (ARVs) is expected to improve. In rural districts in Ghana, little is known about the survival probabilities of PLWH on ARVs. Hence, this study was conducted to estimate the survival trends of PLWH on ARVs.
Methods: A retrospective evaluation of data gathered across ARV centres within Tatale and Zabzugu districts in Ghana from 2016 to 2020 among PLWH on ARVs. A total of 261 participants were recruited for the study. The data was analyzed using STATA software version 16.0. Lifetable analysis and Kaplan-Meier graph were used to assess the survival probabilities. "Stptime" per 1000 person-years and the competing risk regression were used to evaluate mortality rates and risk.
Results: The cumulative survival probability was 0.8847 (95% CI: 0.8334-0.9209). The overall mortality rate was 51.89 (95% CI: 36.89-72.97) per 1000 person-years. WHO stage III and IV [AHR: 4.25 (95%CI: 1.6-9.71) p = 0.001] as well as age group (50+ years) [AHR: 5.02 (95% CI: 1.78-14.13) p = 0.002] were associated with mortality.
Conclusion: Survival probabilities were high among the population of PLWH in Tatale and Zabzugu with declining mortality rates. Clinicians should provide critical attention and care to patients at HIV WHO stages III and IV and intensify HIV screening at all entry points since early diagnosis is associated with high survival probabilities.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Sackeya et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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