| Autor: |
Beram FM; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Isfahan University, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran., Ali SN; Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin 3419759811, Iran., Mesbahian G; School of Pharmacy, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran., Pashizeh F; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd 8916188635, Iran., Keshvadi M; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416634793, Iran., Mashayekhi F; Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran 14535, Iran., Khodadadi B; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physics and Chemistry, Alzahra University, Tehran 1993891176, Iran., Bashiri Z; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran., Moeinzadeh A; Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14535, Iran., Rezaei N; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research, Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran., Namazifard S; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The University of Texas at Arlington, 500 West First Street, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States., Hossein-Khannazer N; Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research, Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839-63113, Iran., Tavakkoli Yaraki M; School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia. |
| Abstrakt: |
This study introduces a tyrosol-loaded niosome integrated into a chitosan-alginate scaffold (Nio-Tyro@CS-AL), employing advanced electrospinning and 3D printing techniques for wound healing applications. The niosomes, measuring 185.40 ± 6.40 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.168 ± 0.012, encapsulated tyrosol with an efficiency of 77.54 ± 1.25%. The scaffold's microsized porous structure (600-900 μm) enhances water absorption, promoting cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Mechanical property assessments revealed the scaffold's enhanced resilience, with niosomes increasing the compressive strength, modulus, and strain to failure, indicative of its suitability for wound healing. Controlled tyrosol release was demonstrated in vitro, essential for therapeutic efficacy. The scaffold exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus , with substantial biofilm inhibition and downregulation of bacterial genes ( ndvb and icab ). A wound healing assay highlighted a notable increase in MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression and the wound closure area (69.35 ± 2.21%) in HFF cells treated with Nio-Tyro@CS-AL. In vivo studies in mice confirmed the scaffold's biocompatibility, showing no significant inflammatory response, hypertrophic scarring, or foreign body reaction. Histological evaluations revealed increased fibroblast and macrophage activity, enhanced re-epithelialization, and angiogenesis in wounds treated with Nio-Tyro@CS-AL, indicating effective tissue integration and repair. Overall, the Nio-Tyro@CS-AL scaffold presents a significant advancement in wound-healing materials, combining antibacterial properties with enhanced tissue regeneration, and holds promising potential for clinical applications in wound management. |
