Malaria vaccine efficacy, safety, and community perception in Africa: a scoping review of recent empirical studies.

Autor: Chutiyami M; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia. muhammad.chutiyami@uts.edu.au., Saravanakumar P; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia., Bello UM; Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK., Salihu D; College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia., Adeleye K; College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA., Kolo MA; Department of Geography, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria., Dawa KK; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Education, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK., Hamina D; Department of Nursing Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria., Bhandari P; School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia., Sulaiman SK; Department of Physiotherapy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq., Sim J; WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing, Midwifery and Health Development, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Infection [Infection] 2024 Oct; Vol. 52 (5), pp. 2007-2028. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 05.
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02196-y
Abstrakt: Aim: The review summarizes the recent empirical evidence on the efficacy, safety, and community perception of malaria vaccines in Africa.
Methods: Academic Search Complete, African Journals Online, CINAHL, Medline, PsychInfo, and two gray literature sources were searched in January 2023, and updated in June 2023. Relevant studies published from 2012 were included. Studies were screened, appraised, and synthesized in line with the review aim. Statistical results are presented as 95% Confidence Intervals and proportions/percentages.
Results: Sixty-six (N = 66) studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the vaccines identified, overall efficacy at 12 months was highest for the R21 vaccine (N = 3) at 77.0%, compared to the RTS,S vaccine (N = 15) at 55%. The efficacy of other vaccines was BK-SE36 (11.0-50.0%, N = 1), ChAd63/MVA ME-TRAP (- 4.7-19.4%, N = 2), FMP2.1/AS02A (7.6-9.9%, N = 1), GMZ2 (0.6-60.0%, N = 5), PfPZ (20.0-100.0%, N = 5), and PfSPZ-CVac (24.8-33.6%, N = 1). Injection site pain and fever were the most common adverse events (N = 26), while febrile convulsion (N = 8) was the most reported, vaccine-related Serious Adverse Event. Mixed perceptions of malaria vaccines were found in African communities (N = 17); awareness was generally low, ranging from 11% in Tanzania to 60% in Nigeria (N = 9), compared to willingness to accept the vaccines, which varied from 32.3% in Ethiopia to 96% in Sierra Leone (N = 15). Other issues include availability, logistics, and misconceptions.
Conclusion: Malaria vaccines protect against malaria infection in varying degrees, with severe side effects rarely occurring. Further research is required to improve vaccine efficacy and community involvement is needed to ensure successful widespread use in African communities.
(© 2024. Crown.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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