Effects of Dietary Fiber on Short Chain Fatty Acid Receptor mRNA in Microglia and Serotonergic Neurons in the Mouse Brain.

Autor: Hart JB; Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA., Poon RK; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA., Ward RE; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA., Hintze KJ; Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA., Freeman SM; Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. Electronic address: sara.freeman@usu.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience [Neuroscience] 2024 Apr 19; Vol. 544, pp. 88-101. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.02.027
Abstrakt: Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are bioactive lipids that are released into the colon as a metabolite of bacterial fermentation of dietary fibers. Beyond their function in the gastrointestinal tract, SCFAs can also have effects inthe brain, as a part of the gut-brain axis. Recent investigations into potential therapeutic interventions via the manipulation of the gut microbiome-and thus their SCFA metabolites-has been emerging as a new branch of personalized medicine,especially for mental health conditions. The current study sought to measure and localize SCFA receptors in the mouse brain. Two cell types have been implicated in the gut-brain axis: microglia and serotonergic neurons. We used fluorescentin situhybridization in brain sections from mice fed diets with different compositions of fat and fiber to quantify the mRNA levels of known gene markers of these two cell types and colocalize each with mRNA for free fatty acid receptors that bind SCFAs. We focused onmicroglia in the hippocampus and the serotonergic neurons of the dorsal raphe. We found high colocalization of SCFA receptors in both microglia and serotonergic neurons and discovered that SCFA receptor expression in the dorsal raphe is driven by fiber solubility, while SCFA receptor expression in the hippocampus is driven by fiber amount. Higher dietary fiber was associated with decreased tyrosine hydroxylase expression. Thus, our results indicate that the amount and solubility of dietary fiber can change gene expression in the brain's microglia and serotonin neurons, potentially via sensitivity to circulating levels of SCFAs produced in the gut.
(Copyright © 2024 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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