| Autor: |
Schimera A; Environmental Safety, ADAMA Deutschland GmbH, Cologne, Germany., Multsch S; Agricultural Solutions, BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany., Guevara Montemayor OI; Environmental Fate and Modelling, Knoell Germany GmbH, Mannheim, Germany., Branford P; Environmental Safety, ADAMA Agricultural Solutions, Reading, UK., Bottoms M; Ecotoxicology, Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK., Ellis S; Regulatory Ecotoxicology, Corteva Agriscience, Abingdon, UK., Ernst G; Environmental Safety, Bayer AG Crop Science Division, Monheim, Germany., Loutseti S; Ecotoxicology, Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK., Marx MT; Environmental Safety, Bayer AG Crop Science Division, Monheim, Germany., Patterson D; Ecotoxicology, Syngenta, Jealott's Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, UK., Sharples A; Global Regulatory Sciences, FMC Corporation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., Staab F; Agricultural Solutions, BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany., Gottesbueren B; Agricultural Solutions, BASF SE, Limburgerhof, Germany. |
| Abstrakt: |
For the European risk assessment (RA) for soil organisms exposed to plant protection products (PPPs) endpoints from ecotoxicological laboratory studies are compared with predicted environmental concentrations in soil (PEC SOIL ) at first tier. A safety margin must be met; otherwise, a higher tier RA is triggered (usually soil organism field studies). A new tiered exposure modeling guidance was published by EFSA to determine PEC SOIL . This work investigates its potential impact on future soil RA. PEC SOIL values for >50 active substances and metabolites were calculated and compared with the respective endpoints for soil organisms to calculate the RA failure rate. Compared to the current (FOCUS) exposure modeling, PEC SOIL values for all EU regulatory zones considerably increased, e.g., resulting in active substance RA failure rates of 67%, 58% and 36% for modeling Tier-1, Tier-2 and Tier-3A, respectively. The main driving factors for elevated PEC SOIL were soil bulk density, crop interception and wash-off, next to obligatory modeling and scenario adjustment factors. Spatial PEC SOIL scenario selection procedures result in agronomically atypical soil characteristics (e.g., soil bulk density values in Tier-3A scenarios far below typical European agricultural areas). Consequently, exposure modeling and ecotoxicological study characteristics are inconsistent, which hinders scientifically reasonable comparison of both in the RA. |
