Predictors of prolonged length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality in patients aged 1-24 months with acute bronchiolitis in Douala, Cameroon.

Autor: Eposse Ekoube C; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon. eekoubec@yahoo.fr.; Paediatric unit, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, Cameroon. eekoubec@yahoo.fr., Heles Nsang E; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Épée P; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Mandeng Ma Linwa E; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon., Djike Puepi Y; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon., Mbono Betoko R; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Noukeu Njinkui D; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Enyama D; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Mbonjo Bitsie D; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Disso Massako J; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Abba S; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Ngo Linwa EE; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon., Ida Penda C; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC pediatrics [BMC Pediatr] 2024 Feb 29; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 150. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29.
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04653-x
Abstrakt: Introduction: In Cameroon, acute bronchiolitis has been reported as the third commonest lower respiratory infection and is usually associated with low mortality. Nonetheless, respiratory distress associated with non-adherence to management guidelines can prolong hospital stay. This study aimed to explore predictors of prolonged hospital stay (≥ 5 days) and mortality in patients aged < 2years hospitalised for acute bronchiolitis.
Methodology: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at three paediatric units in the city of Douala, Cameroon. Factors associated with prolonged hospital stay and mortality were determined using multivariable linear regression model. Threshold for significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.
Results: A total of 215 patients with bronchiolitis were included with mean age of 6.94 ± 5.71 months and M/F sex ratio of 1.39/1. Prolonged hospital stay was reported in 46.98% and mortality in 10.70% of patients hospitalised for bronchiolitis. Factors independently associated with prolonged hospital duration were oxygen administration [b = 0.36, OR = 2.35 (95% CI:1.16-4.74), p = 0.017], abnormal respiratory rate [b = 0.38, OR = 2.13 (1.00-4.55), p = 0.050] and patients presenting with cough [b = 0.33, OR = 2.35 (95% CI: 1.22-4.51), p = 0.011], and diarrhoea [b = 0.71, OR = 6.44 (95% CI: 1.6-25.86), p = 0.009] on admission. On the other hand, factors independently associated with mortality were age of the patient [b= -0.07, OR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.74-0.97), p = 0.014] and oxygen administration [b = 1.08, OR = 9.64 (95% CI:1.16-79.85), p = 0.036] CONCLUSION: Acute bronchiolitis represented 1.24% of admissions and was common in the rainy season, in males and 3-11-month-old patients. Management guidelines were poorly respected. Prolonged length of stay was reported in half of the patients hospitalized and mortality was high, especially in younger patients and in patients receiving oxygen.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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