Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases.

Autor: Zerr I; National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany. ingazerr@med.uni-goettingen.de., Ladogana A; Department of Neuroscience, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Mead S; MRC Prion Unit at UCL, Institute of Prion Diseases, London, UK., Hermann P; National Reference Center for CJD Surveillance, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany., Forloni G; Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy., Appleby BS; Departments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature reviews. Disease primers [Nat Rev Dis Primers] 2024 Feb 29; Vol. 10 (1), pp. 14. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29.
DOI: 10.1038/s41572-024-00497-y
Abstrakt: Prion diseases share common clinical and pathological characteristics such as spongiform neuronal degeneration and deposition of an abnormal form of a host-derived protein, termed prion protein. The characteristic features of prion diseases are long incubation times, short clinical courses, extreme resistance of the transmissible agent to degradation and lack of nucleic acid involvement. Sporadic and genetic forms of prion diseases occur worldwide, of which genetic forms are associated with mutations in PRNP. Human to human transmission of these diseases has occurred due to iatrogenic exposure, and zoonotic forms of prion diseases are linked to bovine disease. Significant progress has been made in the diagnosis of these disorders. Clinical tools for diagnosis comprise brain imaging and cerebrospinal fluid tests. Aggregation assays for detection of the abnormally folded prion protein have a clear potential to diagnose the disease in peripherally accessible biofluids. After decades of therapeutic nihilism, new treatment strategies and clinical trials are on the horizon. Although prion diseases are relatively rare disorders, understanding their pathogenesis and mechanisms of prion protein misfolding has significantly enhanced the field in research of neurodegenerative diseases.
(© 2024. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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