Genomic underpinnings of head and body shape in Arctic charr ecomorph pairs.

Autor: Fenton S; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Jacobs A; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Bean CW; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.; NatureScot, Clydebank, UK., Adams CE; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.; Scottish Centre for Ecology and the Natural Environment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK., Elmer KR; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2024 Apr; Vol. 33 (7), pp. e17305. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 29.
DOI: 10.1111/mec.17305
Abstrakt: Across its Holarctic range, Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) populations have diverged into distinct trophic specialists across independent replicate lakes. The major aspect of divergence between ecomorphs is in head shape and body shape, which are ecomorphological traits reflecting niche use. However, whether the genomic underpinnings of these parallel divergences are consistent across replicates was unknown but key for resolving the substrate of parallel evolution. We investigated the genomic basis of head shape and body shape morphology across four benthivore-planktivore ecomorph pairs of Arctic charr in Scotland. Through genome-wide association analyses, we found genomic regions associated with head shape (89 SNPs) or body shape (180 SNPs) separately and 50 of these SNPs were strongly associated with both body and head shape morphology. For each trait separately, only a small number of SNPs were shared across all ecomorph pairs (3 SNPs for head shape and 10 SNPs for body shape). Signs of selection on the associated genomic regions varied across pairs, consistent with evolutionary demography differing considerably across lakes. Using a comprehensive database of salmonid QTLs newly augmented and mapped to a charr genome, we found several of the head- and body-shape-associated SNPs were within or near morphology QTLs from other salmonid species, reflecting a shared genetic basis for these phenotypes across species. Overall, our results demonstrate how parallel ecotype divergences can have both population-specific and deeply shared genomic underpinnings across replicates, influenced by differences in their environments and demographic histories.
(© 2024 The Authors. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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