Population genomics of harbour seal Phoca vitulina from northern British Columbia through California and comparison to the Atlantic subspecies.

Autor: Sutherland BJG; Sutherland Bioinformatics, Lantzville, British Columbia, Canada.; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada., Rycroft C; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada., Duguid A; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada., Beacham TD; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada., Tucker S; Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2024 Apr; Vol. 33 (7), pp. e17293. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 28.
DOI: 10.1111/mec.17293
Abstrakt: The harbour seal Phoca vitulina is a ubiquitous pinniped species found throughout coastal waters of the Northern Hemisphere. Harbour seal impacts on ecosystem dynamics may be significant due to their high abundance and food web position. Two subspecies exist in North America, P. v. richardii in the Pacific Ocean and P. v. vitulina in the Atlantic. Strong natal philopatry of harbour seals can result in fine-scale genetic structure and isolation by distance. Management of harbour seals is expected to benefit from improved resolution of seal population structure and dynamics. Here, we use genotyping-by-sequencing to genotype 146 harbour seals from the eastern Pacific Ocean (i.e. British Columbia (BC), Oregon and California) and the western Atlantic Ocean (i.e. Québec, Newfoundland and Labrador). Using 12,742 identified variants, we confirm the recently identified elevated genetic diversity in the eastern Pacific relative to the western Atlantic and greatest differentiation between the subspecies. Further, we demonstrate that this is independent of reference genome bias or other potential technical artefacts. Coast-specific analyses with 8933 and 3828 variants in Pacific and Atlantic subspecies, respectively, identify divergence between BC and Oregon-California, and between Québec and Newfoundland-Labrador. Unexpected PCA outlier clusters were observed in two populations due to cryptic relatedness of individuals; subsequently, closely related samples were removed. Admixture analysis indicates an isolation-by-distance signature where Oregon seals contained some of the BC signature, whereas California did not. Additional sampling is needed in the central and north coast of BC to determine whether a discrete separation of populations exists within the region.
(© 2024 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada. Molecular Ecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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