Racial and ethnic disparities in the co-occurrence of intellectual disability and autism: Impact of incorporating measures of adaptive functioning.

Autor: Furnier SM; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Gangnon R; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.; Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Daniels JL; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA., Ellis Weismer S; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA., Nadler C; Division of Developmental and Behavioral Health, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA., Pazol K; National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Reyes NM; Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA., Rosenberg S; Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA., Rubenstein E; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Wiggins LD; National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Yeargin-Allsopp M; National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Durkin MS; Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research [Autism Res] 2024 Mar; Vol. 17 (3), pp. 650-667. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 28.
DOI: 10.1002/aur.3107
Abstrakt: Intellectual disability (ID) commonly co-occurs in children with autism. Although diagnostic criteria for ID require impairments in both cognitive and adaptive functioning, most population-based estimates of the frequency of co-occurring ID in children with autism-including studies of racial and ethnic disparities in co-occurring autism and ID-base the definition of ID solely on cognitive scores. The goal of this analysis was to examine the effect of including both cognitive and adaptive behavior criteria on estimates of co-occurring ID in a well-characterized sample of 2- to 5-year-old children with autism. Participants included 3264 children with research or community diagnoses of autism enrolled in the population-based Study to Explore Early Development (SEED) phases 1-3. Based only on Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) composite cognitive scores, 62.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 61.1, 64.7%) of children with autism were estimated to have co-occurring ID. After incorporating Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (VABS-II) composite or domains criteria, co-occurring ID estimates were reduced to 38.0% (95% CI: 36.2, 39.8%) and 45.0% (95% CI: 43.1, 46.9%), respectively. The increased odds of meeting ID criteria observed for non-Hispanic (NH) Black and Hispanic children relative to NH White children when only MSEL criteria were used were substantially reduced, though not eliminated, after incorporating VABS-II criteria and adjusting for selected socioeconomic variables. This study provides evidence for the importance of considering adaptive behavior as well as socioeconomic disadvantage when describing racial and ethnic disparities in co-occurring ID in epidemiologic studies of autism.
(© 2024 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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