Biological functions at high pressure: transcriptome response of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to hydrostatic pressure relevant to Titan and other icy ocean worlds.

Autor:	Malas J; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States., Russo DC; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States., Bollengier O; Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Le Mans Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences, LPG UMR 6112, Nantes, France., Malaska MJ; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States., Lopes RMC; Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States., Kenig F; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States., Meyer-Dombard DR; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2024 Feb 13; Vol. 15, pp. 1293928. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 13 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1293928
Abstrakt:	High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is a key driver of life's evolution and diversification on Earth. Icy moons such as Titan, Europa, and Enceladus harbor potentially habitable high-pressure environments within their subsurface oceans. Titan, in particular, is modeled to have subsurface ocean pressures ≥ 150 MPa, which are above the highest pressures known to support life on Earth in natural ecosystems. Piezophiles are organisms that grow optimally at pressures higher than atmospheric (0.1 MPa) pressure and have specialized adaptations to the physical constraints of high-pressure environments - up to ~110 MPa at Challenger Deep, the highest pressure deep-sea habitat explored. While non-piezophilic microorganisms have been shown to survive short exposures at Titan relevant pressures, the mechanisms of their survival under such conditions remain largely unelucidated. To better understand these mechanisms, we have conducted a study of gene expression for Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 using a high-pressure experimental culturing system. MR-1 was subjected to short-term (15 min) and long-term (2 h) HHP of 158 MPa, a value consistent with pressures expected near the top of Titan's subsurface ocean. We show that MR-1 is metabolically active in situ at HHP and is capable of viable growth following 2 h exposure to 158 MPa, with minimal pressure training beforehand. We further find that MR-1 regulates 264 genes in response to short-term HHP, the majority of which are upregulated. Adaptations include upregulation of the genes argA, argB, argC , and argF involved in arginine biosynthesis and regulation of genes involved in membrane reconfiguration. MR-1 also utilizes stress response adaptations common to other environmental extremes such as genes encoding for the cold-shock protein CspG and antioxidant defense related genes. This study suggests Titan's ocean pressures may not limit life, as microorganisms could employ adaptations akin to those demonstrated by terrestrial organisms. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Malas, Russo, Bollengier, Malaska, Lopes, Kenig and Meyer-Dombard.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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