Stability of grain zinc concentrations across lowland rice environments favors zinc biofortification breeding.

Autor:	Rakotondramanana M; Rice Research Department, The National Center for Applied Research on Rural Development (FOFIFA), Antananarivo, Madagascar., Wissuwa M; Crop, Livestock and Environment Division, Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Japan.; PhenoRob Cluster and Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Ramanankaja L; University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar., Razafimbelo T; University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar., Stangoulis J; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia., Grenier C; Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP Institut), Montpellier, France.; UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.; Alliance Bioversity-Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2024 Feb 13; Vol. 15, pp. 1293831. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 13 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2024.1293831
Abstrakt:	Introduction: One-third of the human population consumes insufficient zinc (Zn) to sustain a healthy life. Zn deficiency can be relieved by increasing the Zn concentration ([Zn]) in staple food crops through biofortification breeding. Rice is a poor source of Zn, and in countries predominantly relying on rice without sufficient dietary diversification, such as Madagascar, Zn biofortification is a priority. Methods: Multi-environmental trials were performed in Madagascar over two years, 2019 and 2020, to screen a total of 28 genotypes including local and imported germplasm. The trials were conducted in the highlands of Ankazomiriotra, Anjiro, and Behenji and in Morovoay, a location representative of the coastal ecosystem. Contributions of genotype (G), environment (E), and G by E interactions (GEIs) were investigated. Result: The grain [Zn] of local Malagasy rice varieties was similar to the internationally established grain [Zn] baseline of 18-20 μg/g for brown rice. While several imported breeding lines reached 50% of our breeding target set at +12 μg/g, only few met farmers' appreciation criteria. Levels of grain [Zn] were stable across E. The G effects accounted for a main fraction of the variation, 76% to 83% of the variation for year 1 and year 2 trials, respectively, while GEI effects were comparatively small, contributing 23% to 9%. This contrasted with dominant E and GEI effects for grain yield. Our results indicate that local varieties tested contained insufficient Zn to alleviate Zn malnutrition, and developing new Zn-biofortified varieties should therefore be a priority. GGE analysis did not distinguish mega-environments for grain [Zn], whereas at least three mega-environments existed for grain yield, differentiated by the presence of limiting environmental conditions and responsiveness to improved soil fertility. Discussion: Our main conclusion reveals that grain [Zn] seems to be under strong genetic control in the agro-climatic conditions of Madagascar. We could identify several interesting genotypes as potential donors for the breeding program, among those BF156, with a relatively stable grain [Zn] (AMMI stability value (ASV) = 0.89) reaching our target (>26 μg/g). While selection for grain yield, general adaptation, and farmers' appreciation would have to rely on multi-environment testing, selection for grain [Zn] could be centralized in earlier generations. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2024 Rakotondramanana, Wissuwa, Ramanankaja, Razafimbelo, Stangoulis and Grenier.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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