Towards health with justice: making the tobacco industry accountable through administrative liability.

Autor:	Sy D; Global Center for Good Governance in Tobacco Control (GGTC), Bangkok, Thailand debby@ggtc.world.; Health Justice, Manila, Philippines., El-Awa F; Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Al-Lawati JA; Directorate General of Primary Health Care, Ministry of Health Oman, Muscat, Oman., Valizadeh B; Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)., El-Gohary S; Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., El-Wakil R; Tobacco Free Initiative, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt., Narain A; Global Center for Good Governance in Tobacco Control (GGTC), Bangkok, Thailand.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Tobacco control [Tob Control] 2024 Feb 26. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 26.
DOI:	10.1136/tc-2023-058289
Abstrakt:	For many decades, the transnational tobacco industry has evaded the consequences of harming people and the planet. Despite selling a deadly product, it has continued to remain one of the most profitable industries in the world, now venturing into 'wellness and pharmaceutical' businesses as part of its diversification strategy. Meanwhile, efforts to make the tobacco industry pay through court systems have not progressed due to the inherent challenges within the judicial systems in most countries. This paper explores mechanisms for ensuring accountability through administrative liability, including the use of compensation mechanisms and adjudicatory bodies. Such mechanisms operationalise vital principles and practices derived from international law, such as the imposition of effective, proportionate, and dissuasive non-criminal sanctions, victims' right to compensation, and 'polluter pays' principles. Measures such as taxation, surcharges, penalties, financial guarantees or insurance, along with the establishment of adjudicatory bodies and trust funds, are discussed. In order to hold the tobacco industry to account for the wide range of harms caused by its products and its misconduct; policies on 'liability' must clearly articulate how the industry will compensate for past and future harms in a manner that deters it from causing further damage. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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