Impact of repeated mass ivermectin administration using a community directed approach on L . loa infection in Chrysops silacea of the rain forest and forest savanna of Cameroon.

Autor:	Amambo GN; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon.; Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases (Incorporating the Lymphatic Filariasis Support Centre), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany., Fombad FF; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Chounna Ndongmo PW; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Abong RA; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Njouendou AJ; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon., Beng AA; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Nji TM; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon.; Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Social and Management Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon., Esum ME; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Fru-Cho J; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Manuel R; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany., Kebede D; Global Health and Infection Department, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton BN1 9PX, United Kingdom.; School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia., Enyong PI; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon., Hoerauf A; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Germany.; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany., Koudou B; Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences de la Nature, Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.; Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire., Bockarie M; Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases (Incorporating the Lymphatic Filariasis Support Centre), Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom.; European & Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, Cape Town, South Africa.; Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Wanji S; Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.; Res1earch Foundation for Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Parasite epidemiology and control [Parasite Epidemiol Control] 2024 Feb 17; Vol. 25, pp. e00343. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 17 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.parepi.2024.e00343
Abstrakt:	Background: Loiasis is an endemic filarial infection in the rainforest zone of West and Central Africa. Repeated annual community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) delivered for several years to control onchocerciasis has been shown to reduce the prevalence and intensity of Loiasis in some Loa loa-Onchocerca volvulus co-endemic areas. However, the impact of these multiple rounds of CDTI on entomological indicators of loiasis transmission is not known, and was therefore assessed in this study in areas with contrasting histories of CDTI. Methods: The study was conducted in the East, North-west and South-west 1 CDTI project sites of Cameroon. Two communities per CDTI project were selected for fly collection and dissection. Ivermectin treatment coverage was documented in these areas, and this was correlated to Chrysops infection and infective rates. A total of 7029 female Chrysops were collected from 6 communities of the 3 CDTI projects (East, North-west, and South-west 1) and from 2 communities in a non-CDTI district (East). Results: Chrysops biting densities and parous rates were significantly reduced in the North-west and South-west sites post-CDTI, while in the East, biting densities were similar in non-CDTI and CDTI sites, with higher parous rates observed in the non-CDTI site. Infection and infective rates in the East non-CDTI site were 4.4% and 1.8% respectively, as compared to 3.3% and 1.3% in the CDTI site after 10 ivermectin rounds (there were no baseline data for the latter). In the North-west site, significant reductions in Chrysops infection and infective rates from 10.2% and 4.2% respectively, to 3.5% and 1.2 (after 9 rounds of ivermectin treatment), were recorded following CDTI. In the South-west, infection rate significantly increased from 1.74% to 2.8% and infective rate remained statistically unchanged after 14 rounds of CDTI (0.45% - 0.40%). Similar trends in Mean Head L3 were observed except in the East site where this indicator was similar in both CDTI and control sites. Only in the North-west site did monthly transmission potentials decrease significantly. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the impact of repeated annual treatment with ivermectin for the control of onchocerciasis using community directed delivery approach on the entomological indicators of loiasis varies with bioecological zones. Community directed treatment with ivermectin induced a significant reduction in the entomological indicators of loiasis in the North-West project site which lies in forest savanna area. A non-significant decrease was observed in the East project site and in contrast, a significant increase was observed in the South-West 1 project site which both lies in the rainforest zones. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. (© 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of World Federation of Parasitologists.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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