| Autor: |
Porfirev AP; Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS-Branch of the FSRC 'Crystallography and Photonics' RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Image Processing Systems Institute, National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia., Khonina SN; Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS-Branch of the FSRC 'Crystallography and Photonics' RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Image Processing Systems Institute, National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Scientific Research Laboratory of Automated Systems of Scientific Research (SRL-35), Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia., Ivliev NA; Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS-Branch of the FSRC 'Crystallography and Photonics' RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Image Processing Systems Institute, National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Scientific Research Laboratory of Automated Systems of Scientific Research (SRL-35), Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia., Porfirev DP; Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS-Branch of the FSRC 'Crystallography and Photonics' RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Scientific Research Laboratory of Automated Systems of Scientific Research (SRL-35), Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia.; The Center for Laboratory Astrophysics, Samara Branch of P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 221 Novo-Sadovaya Str., 443011 Samara, Russia., Kazanskiy NL; Image Processing Systems Institute of RAS-Branch of the FSRC 'Crystallography and Photonics' RAS, Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Image Processing Systems Institute, National Research Centre 'Kurchatov Institute', Molodogvardeyskaya Str. 151, 443001 Samara, Russia.; Scientific Research Laboratory of Automated Systems of Scientific Research (SRL-35), Samara National Research University, Moskovskoye Shosse 34, 443086 Samara, Russia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Photosensitive materials are widely used for the direct fabrication of surface relief gratings (SRGs) without the selective etching of the material. It is known that the interferometric approach makes it possible to fabricate SRGs with submicron and even subwavelength periods. However, to change the period of the written SRGs, it is necessary to change the convergence angle, shift a sample, and readjust the interferometric setup. Recently, it was shown that structured laser beams with predetermined, periodically modulated polarization distributions can also be used to fabricate SRGs. A structured laser beam with the desired polarization distribution can be formed with just one polarizing optical element-for example, the so-called depolarizer, a patterned micro-retarder array. The use of such stacked elements makes it possible to directly control the modulation period of the polarization of the generated laser beam. We show that this approach allows one to fabricate SRGs with submicron periods. Moreover, the addition of q -plates, elements effectively used to generate cylindrical vector beams with polarization singularities, allows the efficient formation of fork polarization gratings (FPGs) and the fabrication of higher-order fork-shaped SRGs. Full control of the parameters of the generated FPGs is possible. We demonstrate the formation of FPGs of higher orders (up to 12) by only adding first- and second-order q -plates and half-wave plates to the depolarizers. In this work, we numerically and experimentally study the parameters of various types of SRGs formed using these stacked polarizing elements and show the significant potential of this method for the laser processing of photosensitive materials, which often also serve as polarization sensors. |
