| Autor: |
Krzyściak W; Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland., Bystrowska B; Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland., Karcz P; Department of Electroradiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Health Sciences, 31-126 Krakow, Poland., Chrzan R; Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland., Bryll A; Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland., Turek A; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland., Mazur P; Department of Medical Diagnostics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, 30-688 Krakow, Poland., Śmierciak N; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland., Szwajca M; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland., Donicz P; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland., Furman K; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland., Pilato F; Neurology, Neurophysiology and Neurobiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy., Kozicz T; Department of Clinical Genomics, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA., Popiela T; Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, 31-503 Krakow, Poland., Pilecki M; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland. |
| Abstrakt: |
Given its polygenic nature, there is a need for a personalized approach to schizophrenia. The aim of the study was to select laboratory biomarkers from blood, brain imaging, and clinical assessment, with an emphasis on patients' self-report questionnaires. Metabolomics studies of serum samples from 51 patients and 45 healthy volunteers, based on the liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS), led to the identification of 3 biochemical indicators (cortisol, glutamate, lactate) of schizophrenia. These metabolites were sequentially correlated with laboratory tests results, imaging results, and clinical assessment outcomes, including patient self-report outcomes. The hierarchical cluster analysis on the principal components (HCPC) was performed to identify the most homogeneous clinical groups. Significant correlations were noted between blood lactates and 11 clinical and 10 neuroimaging parameters. The increase in lactate and cortisol were significantly associated with a decrease in immunological parameters, especially with the level of reactive lymphocytes. The strongest correlations with the level of blood lactate and cortisol were demonstrated by brain glutamate, N-acetylaspartate and the concentrations of glutamate and glutamine, creatine and phosphocreatine in the prefrontal cortex. Metabolomics studies and the search for associations with brain parameters and self-reported outcomes may provide new diagnostic evidence to specific schizophrenia phenotypes. |
