Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM): A Systematic Review.

Autor: Talbot J; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University La Sapienza, Via Degli Apuli, 00185, Rome, Italy. jessica.talbot@uniroma1.it., Convertino G; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University La Sapienza, Via Degli Apuli, 00185, Rome, Italy., De Marco M; Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK., Venneri A; Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy., Mazzoni G; Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University La Sapienza, Via Degli Apuli, 00185, Rome, Italy.; Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuropsychology review [Neuropsychol Rev] 2024 Feb 23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 23.
DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09632-8
Abstrakt: Individuals possessing a Highly Superior Autobiographical Memory (HSAM) demonstrate an exceptional ability to recall their own past, excelling most when dates from their lifetime are used as retrieval cues. Fully understanding how neurocognitive mechanisms support exceptional memory could lead to benefits in areas of healthcare in which memory plays a central role and in legal fields reliant on witnesses' memories. Predominantly due to the rareness of the phenomenon, existing HSAM literature is highly heterogenous in its methodologies used. Therefore, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we performed the first systematic review on this topic, to collate the existing behavioural, neuroanatomical, and functional HSAM data. Results from the 20 experimental selected studies revealed that HSAM is categorised by rapidly retrieved, detailed and accurate autobiographical memories, and appears to avoid the normal aging process. Functional neuroimaging studies showed HSAM retrieval seems characterised by an intense overactivation of the usual autobiographical memory network, including posterior visual areas (e.g., the precuneus). Structural neuroanatomical differences do not appear to characterise HSAM, but altered hippocampal resting-state connectivity was commonly observed. We discuss theories of HSAM in relation to autobiographical encoding, consolidation, and retrieval, and suggest future directions for this research.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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