Effect of a 6-Week Carbohydrate-Reduced High-Protein Diet on Levels of FGF21 and GDF15 in People With Type 2 Diabetes.

Autor:	Richter MM; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Thomsen MN; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark., Skytte MJ; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark., Kjeldsen SAS; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Samkani A; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark., Frystyk J; Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, 5000, Denmark., Magkos F; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Holst JJ; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Madsbad S; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Hvidovre, Hvidovre, 2650, Denmark., Krarup T; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Haugaard SB; Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark., Wewer Albrechtsen NJ; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital-Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, 2400, Denmark.; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2200, Denmark.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of the Endocrine Society [J Endocr Soc] 2024 Jan 24; Vol. 8 (4), pp. bvae008. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 24 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1210/jendso/bvae008
Abstrakt:	Context: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) are increased in type 2 diabetes and are potential regulators of metabolism. The effect of changes in caloric intake and macronutrient composition on their circulating levels in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. Objective: To explore the effects of a carbohydrate-reduced high-protein diet with and without a clinically significant weight loss on circulating levels of FGF21 and GDF15 in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We measured circulating FGF21 and GDF15 in patients with type 2 diabetes who completed 2 previously published diet interventions. Study 1 randomized 28 subjects to an isocaloric diet in a 6 + 6-week crossover trial consisting of, in random order, a carbohydrate-reduced high-protein (CRHP) or a conventional diabetes (CD) diet. Study 2 randomized 72 subjects to a 6-week hypocaloric diet aiming at a ∼6% weight loss induced by either a CRHP or a CD diet. Fasting plasma FGF21 and GDF15 were measured before and after the interventions in a subset of samples (n = 24 in study 1, n = 66 in study 2). Results: Plasma levels of FGF21 were reduced by 54% in the isocaloric study ( P < .05) and 18% in the hypocaloric study ( P < .05) in CRHP-treated individuals only. Circulating GDF15 levels increased by 18% ( P < .05) following weight loss in combination with a CRHP diet but only in those treated with metformin. Conclusion: The CRHP diet significantly reduced FGF21 in people with type 2 diabetes independent of weight loss, supporting the role of FGF21 as a "nutrient sensor." Combining metformin treatment with carbohydrate restriction and weight loss may provide additional metabolic improvements due to the rise in circulating GDF15. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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