Protective effect of bilingualism on aging, MCI, and dementia: A community-based study.

Autor: Venugopal A; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.; Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Paplikar A; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.; Department of Speech and Language Studies, Dr. S. R. Chandrasekhar Institute of Speech and Hearing, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Varghese FA; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Thanissery N; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Ballal D; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Hoskeri RM; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Shekar R; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Bhaskarapillai B; Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Arshad F; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Purushothaman VV; Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Anniappan AB; Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Rao GN; Department of Epidemiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India., Alladi S; Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association [Alzheimers Dement] 2024 Apr; Vol. 20 (4), pp. 2620-2631. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 20.
DOI: 10.1002/alz.13702
Abstrakt: Introduction: Lifelong bilingualism is associated with a delayed age at onset of dementia, but evidence from community-based studies is limited. We investigated the relationship between bilingualism and the prevalence of cognitive impairment in a linguistically diverse community.
Methods: A door-to-door community study was conducted from January to December 2021 in urban Bengaluru, India. 1234 individuals aged ≥60 years participated in the study. Participants were diagnosed with no cognitive impairment (NCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia using established diagnostic criteria.
Results: Dementia prevalence was higher in monolinguals (4.9%) than bilinguals (0.4%) (P = .001). The prevalence of MCI was also higher in monolinguals (8.5%) than bilinguals (5.3%) (P = .001). The study also revealed better cognitive function in bilinguals than monolinguals with NCI, after controlling for confounding variables.
Discussion: The current study provides significant support for the protective effect of bilingualism on cognitive impairment in an urban community with extensive bilingual interactional contexts in everyday life.
Highlights: Bilingualism has been demonstrated to protect against dementia and mild cognitive impairment in a linguistically diverse community with extensive code-switching contexts. Bilingual older individuals had superior baseline cognitive performance compared to monolingual older individuals. Bilingualism was found to have an independent effect on general cognition after adjusting for major social determinants of health in the group without cognitive impairment.
(© 2024 The Authors. Alzheimer's & Dementia published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Alzheimer's Association.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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