In vitro co-culture models for the assessment of orthopedic antibacterial biomaterials.

Autor:	Eijkel BIM; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, Netherlands., Apachitei I; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, Netherlands., Fratila-Apachitei LE; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, Netherlands., Zadpoor AA; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Delft, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology [Front Bioeng Biotechnol] 2024 Feb 05; Vol. 12, pp. 1332771. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 05 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fbioe.2024.1332771
Abstrakt:	The antibacterial biofunctionality of bone implants is essential for the prevention and treatment of implant-associated infections (IAI). In vitro co-culture models are utilized to assess this and study bacteria-host cell interactions at the implant interface, aiding our understanding of biomaterial and the immune response against IAI without impeding the peri-implant bone tissue regeneration. This paper reviews existing co-culture models together with their characteristics, results, and clinical relevance. A total of 36 studies were found involving in vitro co-culture models between bacteria and osteogenic or immune cells at the interface with orthopedic antibacterial biomaterials. Most studies (∼67%) involved co-culture models of osteogenic cells and bacteria ( osteo-bac ), while 33% were co-culture models of immune cells and bacterial cells ( im-bac ). All models involve direct co-culture of two different cell types. The cell seeding sequence (simultaneous, bacteria-first, and cell-first) was used to mimic clinically relevant conditions and showed the greatest effect on the outcome for both types of co-culture models. The im-bac models are considered more relevant for early peri-implant infections, whereas the osteo-bac models suit late infections. The limitations of the current models and future directions to develop more relevant co-culture models to address specific research questions are also discussed. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision. (Copyright © 2024 Eijkel, Apachitei, Fratila-Apachitei and Zadpoor.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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