| Autor: |
Zuim AF; Steinberg School of Music, New York University, New York, New York, USA., Edwards A; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Ausiello D; Center for Assessment Technology and Continuous Health (CATCH), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Bhatta D; Sensory Cloud, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Edwards DA; Sensory Cloud, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; John Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery [J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv] 2024 Apr; Vol. 37 (2), pp. 64-76. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 14. |
| DOI: |
10.1089/jamp.2023.0039 |
| Abstrakt: |
Background: Hyperosmolar aerosols appear to promote or suppress upper airway dysfunction caused by dehydration in a composition-dependent manner. We sought to explore this composition dependence experimentally, in an interventional human clinical study, and theoretically, by numerical analysis of upper airway ion and water transport. Methods: In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study, phonation threshold pressure (PTP) was measured prenasal and postnasal inhalation of hypertonic aerosols of NaCl, KCl, CaCl 2 , and MgCl 2 in seven human subjects. Numerical analysis of water and solute exchanges in the upper airways following deposition of these same aerosols was performed using a mathematical model previously described in the literature. Results: PTP decreased by 9%-22% relative to baseline ( p < 0.05) for all salts within the first 30 minutes postadministration, indicating effective laryngeal hydration. Only MgCl 2 reduced PTP beyond 90 minutes (21% below baseline at 2 hours postadministration). By numerical analysis, we determined that, while airway water volume up to 15 minutes postdeposition is dictated by osmolarity, after 30 minutes, divalent cation salts, such as MgCl 2 , better retain airway surface liquid (ASL) volume by slow paracellular clearance of the divalent cation. Fall of CFTR chloride flux with rise in ASL height, a promoter of airway acidification, appears to be a signature of permeating cation (NaCl) and nonpermeating anion (mannitol) aerosol deposition. For hypertonic aerosols that lack permeating cation and include permeating anion (CaCl 2 and MgCl 2 ), this acid-trigger signature does not exist. Conclusions: Nonpermeating cation and permeating anion hypertonic aerosols appear to hydrate upper airways longer and, rather than provoke, may reduce laryngeal dysfunction such as cough and bronchoconstriction. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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