Gonadal dysfunction in women with diabetes mellitus.

Autor: Zaimi M; School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Michalopoulou O; Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Stefanaki K; Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Kazakou P; Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Vasileiou V; Department of Endocrinology, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece., Psaltopoulou T; Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Karagiannakis DS; Academic Department of Gastroenterology, Laiko General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece., Paschou SA; Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. s.a.paschou@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Endocrine [Endocrine] 2024 Aug; Vol. 85 (2), pp. 461-472. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 14.
DOI: 10.1007/s12020-024-03729-z
Abstrakt: It is well known that both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are related to increased risk for cardiovascular (CV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, besides these prominently presented complications, DM has also been associated with reproductive dysfunctions. It seems that these disorders are met in up to 40% of women with DM and consist of delayed menarche, all types of menstrual disorders, such as amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, menstrual irregularity, as well as menorrhagia, infertility, characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and early (or rarely late) menopause. In type 1 DM (T1DM), insulin treatment, although it has reduced the rates of insulinopenic-induced hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, an entity commonly presented in many women with the disease in the past decades, when it is used in excess it can also promote hyperandrogenism. Regarding type 2 DM (T2DM), insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia have mainly been implicated in the pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunctions, as insulin can act as gonadotropin on the theca cells of the ovary and can lead to hyperandrogenism and inhibition of proper ovulation. This review aims to detail the reproductive dysfunctions associated with DM and provide scientific data to enlighten the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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