[Principles of the pharmacology of local anesthetics].

Autor: Bockholt R; Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscher Str. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland. rebecca.bockholt@uniklinikum-dresden.de., Mirus M; Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscher Str. 74, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland.
Jazyk: němčina
Zdroj: Die Anaesthesiologie [Anaesthesiologie] 2024 Mar; Vol. 73 (3), pp. 204-220.
DOI: 10.1007/s00101-024-01389-2
Abstrakt: The development of local anesthetics revolutionized the performance of painful interventions. Local anesthetics have an effect on voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve fibers and modulate the conduction of impulses. With respect to the chemical structure, local anesthetics can be divided into amide and ester types. The structural differences of local anesthetics have an influence on the duration of action, the degradation pathways and specific side effects. Severe adverse events include cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. In addition to basic measures, such as the monitoring and securing of vital parameters, lipid infusion represents a treatment option in cases of intoxication. The recent developments of local anesthetics are particularly concerned with the reduction of toxicity and prolonging the duration of action.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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