Why so many polyploids? Accounting for environmental stochasticity in unreduced gamete formation lowers the perceived barriers to polyploid establishment.

Autor:	Gerstner BP; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States., Wearing HJ; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.; Department of Mathematics & Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States., Whitney KD; Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of evolutionary biology [J Evol Biol] 2024 Mar 01; Vol. 37 (3), pp. 325-335.
DOI:	10.1093/jeb/voae016
Abstrakt:	While polyploids are common in nature, existing models suggest that polyploid establishment should be difficult and rare. We explore this apparent paradox by focussing on the role of unreduced gametes, as their union is the main route for the formation of neopolyploids. Production of such gametes is affected by genetic and environmental factors, resulting in variation in the formation rate of unreduced gametes (u). Once formed, neopolyploids face minority cytotype exclusion (MCE) due to a lack of viable mating opportunities. More than a dozen theoretical models have explored factors that could permit neopolyploids to overcome MCE and become established. Until now, however, none have explored variability in u and its consequences for the rate of polyploid establishment. Here, we determine the distribution that best fits the available empirical data on u. We perform a global sensitivity analysis exploring the consequences of using empirical distributions of u to investigate effects on polyploid establishment. We determined that in many cases, u is best fit by a log-normal distribution. We found environmental stochasticity in u dramatically impacts model predictions when compared to a static u. Our results help reconcile previous modelling results suggesting high barriers to the polyploid establishment with the observation that polyploids are common in nature. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Evolutionary Biology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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