The role of gut barrier dysfunction in postoperative complications in liver transplantation: pathophysiological and therapeutic considerations.

Autor: Assimakopoulos SF; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, 26504, Patras, Greece. sassim@upatras.gr., Bhagani S; Department of Infectious Diseases/HIV Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK., Aggeletopoulou I; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece., Tsounis EP; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece., Tsochatzis EA; UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, Royal Free Hospital and UCL, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Infection [Infection] 2024 Jun; Vol. 52 (3), pp. 723-736. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 07.
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-024-02182-4
Abstrakt: Purpose: Gut barrier dysfunction is a pivotal pathophysiological alteration in cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease, which is further aggravated during and after the operational procedures for liver transplantation (LT). In this review, we analyze the multifactorial disruption of all major levels of defense of the gut barrier (biological, mechanical, and immunological) and correlate with clinical implications.
Methods: A narrative review of the literature was performed using PubMed, PubMed Central and Google from inception until November 29th, 2023.
Results: Systemic translocation of indigenous bacteria through this dysfunctional barrier contributes to the early post-LT infectious complications, while endotoxin translocation, through activation of the systemic inflammatory response, is implicated in non-infectious complications including renal dysfunction and graft rejection. Bacterial infections are the main cause of early in-hospital mortality of LT patients and unraveling the pathophysiology of gut barrier failure is of outmost importance.
Conclusion: A pathophysiology-based approach to prophylactic or therapeutic interventions may lead to enhancement of gut barrier function eliminating its detrimental consequences and leading to better outcomes for LT patients.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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