Production of safe cyanobacterial biomass for animal feed using wastewater and drinking water treatment residuals.

Autor:	Park S; Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.; Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea., Lee SJ; Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.; Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea., Noh W; Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.; Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea., Kim YJ; Environmental Safety-Assessment Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea., Kim JH; Human Risk Assessment Center, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, 56212, Republic of Korea., Back SM; Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea., Ryu BG; Microbial Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea., Nam SW; Bioresources Collection & Bioinformation Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju, 37242, Republic of Korea., Park SH; Genetic & Epigenetic Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea., Kim J; Biomass Research Group, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.; Environmental Exposure & Toxicology Research Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju, 52834, Republic of Korea.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2024 Jan 26; Vol. 10 (3), pp. e25136. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 26 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25136
Abstrakt:	The growing interest in microalgae and cyanobacteria biomass as an alternative to traditional animal feed is hindered by high production costs. Using wastewater (WW) as a cultivation medium could offer a solution, but this approach risks introducing harmful substances into the biomass, leading to significant safety concerns. In this study, we addressed these challenges by selectively extracting nitrates and phosphates from WW using drinking water treatment residuals (DWTR) and chitosan. This method achieved peak adsorption capacities of 4.4 mg/g for nitrate and 6.1 mg/g for phosphate with a 2.5 wt% chitosan blend combined with DWTR-nitrogen. Subsequently, these extracted nutrients were employed to cultivate Spirulina platensis , yielding a biomass productivity rate of 0.15 g/L/d, which is comparable to rates achieved with commercial nutrients. By substituting commercial nutrients with nitrate and phosphate from WW, we can achieve a 18 % reduction in the culture medium cost. While the cultivated biomass was initially nitrogen-deficient due to low nitrate levels, it proved to be protein-rich, accounting for 50 % of its dry weight, and contained a high concentration of free amino acids (1260 mg/g), encompassing all essential amino acids. Both in vitro and in vivo toxicity tests affirmed the biomass's safety for use as an animal feed component. Future research should aim to enhance the economic feasibility of this alternative feed source by developing efficient adsorbents, utilizing cost-effective reagents, and implementing nutrient reuse strategies in spent mediums. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2024 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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