Risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection during multiple Omicron variant waves in the UK general population.

Autor: Wei J; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. jia.wei@ndm.ox.ac.uk.; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. jia.wei@ndm.ox.ac.uk., Stoesser N; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Matthews PC; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, UK.; Division of infection and immunity, University College London, London, UK., Khera T; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK., Gethings O; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK., Diamond I; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK., Studley R; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK., Taylor N; Office for National Statistics, Newport, UK., Peto TEA; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Walker AS; Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL, UCL, London, UK., Pouwels KB; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Eyre DW; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at the University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.; The National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Feb 02; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 1008. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 02.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44973-1
Abstrakt: SARS-CoV-2 reinfections increased substantially after Omicron variants emerged. Large-scale community-based comparisons across multiple Omicron waves of reinfection characteristics, risk factors, and protection afforded by previous infection and vaccination, are limited. Here we studied ~45,000 reinfections from the UK's national COVID-19 Infection Survey and quantified the risk of reinfection in multiple waves, including those driven by BA.1, BA.2, BA.4/5, and BQ.1/CH.1.1/XBB.1.5 variants. Reinfections were associated with lower viral load and lower percentages of self-reporting symptoms compared with first infections. Across multiple Omicron waves, estimated protection against reinfection was significantly higher in those previously infected with more recent than earlier variants, even at the same time from previous infection. Estimated protection against Omicron reinfections decreased over time from the most recent infection if this was the previous or penultimate variant (generally within the preceding year). Those 14-180 days after receiving their most recent vaccination had a lower risk of reinfection than those >180 days from their most recent vaccination. Reinfection risk was independently higher in those aged 30-45 years, and with either low or high viral load in their most recent previous infection. Overall, the risk of Omicron reinfection is high, but with lower severity than first infections; both viral evolution and waning immunity are independently associated with reinfection.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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