Utilizing a university testing program to estimate relative effectiveness of monovalent COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine versus two-dose primary series against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Autor: Bennett JC; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: jubenn94@uw.edu., Luiten KG; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., O'Hanlon J; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Han PD; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., McDonald D; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Wright T; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Wolf CR; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Lo NK; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Acker Z; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., Regelbrugge L; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., McCaffrey KM; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., Pfau B; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., Stone J; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Schwabe-Fry K; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., Lockwood CM; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA., Guthrie BL; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Gottlieb GS; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Environmental Health & Safety Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Englund JA; Seattle Children's Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Uyeki TM; Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA., Carone M; Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Starita LM; Brotman Baty Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Weil AA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Chu HY; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Vaccine [Vaccine] 2024 Feb 27; Vol. 42 (6), pp. 1332-1341. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.080
Abstrakt: Vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies utilizing the test-negative design are typically conducted in clinical settings, rather than community populations, leading to bias in VE estimates against mild disease and limited information on VE in healthy young adults. In a community-based university population, we utilized data from a large SARS-CoV-2 testing program to estimate relative VE of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine primary series and monovalent booster dose versus primary series only against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection from September 2021 to July 2022. We used the test-negative design and logistic regression implemented via generalized estimating equations adjusted for age, calendar time, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, and testing frequency (proxy for test-seeking behavior) to estimate relative VE. Analyses included 2,218 test-positive cases (59 % received monovalent booster dose) and 9,615 test-negative controls (62 %) from 9,066 individuals, with median age of 21 years, mostly students (71 %), White (56 %) or Asian (28 %), and with few comorbidities (3 %). More cases (23 %) than controls (6 %) had COVID-19-like illness. Estimated adjusted relative VE of primary series and monovalent booster dose versus primary series only against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection was 40 % (95 % CI: 33-47 %) during the overall analysis period and 46 % (39-52 %) during the period of Omicron circulation. Relative VE was greater for those without versus those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (41 %, 34-48 % versus 33 %, 9 %-52 %, P < 0.001). Relative VE was also greater in the six months after receiving a booster dose (41 %, 33-47 %) compared to more than six months (27 %, 8-42 %), but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). In this relatively young and healthy adult population, an mRNA monovalent booster dose provided increased protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, overall and with the Omicron variant. University testing programs may be utilized for estimating VE in healthy young adults, a population that is not well-represented by routine VE studies.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Ellume that includes: consulting or advisory. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: consulting or advisory. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation that includes: consulting or advisory. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Glaxo Smith Kline Eesti OÜ that includes: consulting or advisory. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Merck & Co Inc that includes: consulting or advisory. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Gates Ventures that includes: funding grants. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Sanofi Pasteur that includes: funding grants. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Ellume that includes: funding grants. Helen Y. Chu reports a relationship with Cepheid that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with US National Institutes of Health that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with University of Washington that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Gilead Sciences that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Alere Technologies that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Merck & Co Inc that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Janssen Pharmaceutica that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Cerus Corporation that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with ViiV Healthcare that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Bristol-Myers Squibb that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Roche Molecular Systems that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Abbott Molecular Diagnostics that includes: funding grants. Geoffrey S. Gottlieb reports a relationship with Theratechnologies Inc that includes: funding grants. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with AstraZeneca that includes: funding grants. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with GlaxoSmithKline that includes: funding grants. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Merck & Co Inc that includes: funding grants. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: funding grants. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Abbvie that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with AstraZeneca that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Ark Biopharma that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with GlaxoSmithKline that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Meissa Vaccines that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Moderna that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Pfizer that includes: consulting or advisory. Janet A. Englund reports a relationship with Sanofi Pasteur that includes: consulting or advisory. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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