The relationship between active/passive smoking and spontaneous preterm birth: Data from a multicenter study.

Autor: Cavichiolli FS; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Borovac-Pinheiro A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Lajos GJ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Becker M; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil., Passini R Jr; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics [Int J Gynaecol Obstet] 2024 Jul; Vol. 166 (1), pp. 381-388. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 01.
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15372
Abstrakt: Background: Prematurity is considered to be the leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age, with one child dying every 2 s. Smoking is known to be one of the factors associated with prematurity, with both immediate and late consequences. However, it is difficult to obtain concrete data on the relationship between smoking and spontaneous preterm birth.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of active and passive smoking on spontaneous preterm birth.
Methods: This was a multicenter, cross-sectional complementary study that included data on preterm births in 20 maternity hospitals in Brazil between 2011 and 2012. The relationship between smoking category (people who smoke [PWS]; people who smoke indirectly [PWSI]; and people who do not smoke [PWDNS]) and sociodemographic characteristics, birth, and neonatal data was assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using frequencies, percentages, the χ 2 test, and stepwise comparisons, with a significance level of 5%.
Results: The original study included 5295 pregnant participants and their preterm infants. There were 1491 spontaneous preterm births (SPBs); 1191 preterm rupture of membranes; 1468 therapeutic preterm births; and 1146 term births. The proportion of women who were PWS during pregnancy was 13.5%, and 31.6% were PWSI. Pregnant individuals who smoked and who smoked indirectly had a higher incidence of SPBs (61.2%) compared with PWDNS (48.4%; P < 0.0001); however, multivariate analysis did not confirm causality.
Conclusions: This study did not confirm that smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of SPB. PWSI also did not have an increased incidence of spontaneous preterm birth or adverse neonatal outcomes.
(© 2024 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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