Green Revolution dwarfing Rht genes negatively affected wheat floral traits related to cross-pollination efficiency.

Autor: Schierenbeck M; Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, D-06466 Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany.; Cereals, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.; CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Alqudah AM; Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Art and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar., Lantos E; Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, D-06466 Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany., Avogadro EG; Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, D-06466 Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany., Simón MR; Cereals, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Forestry, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.; CONICET CCT La Plata, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina., Börner A; Genebank Department, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstraße 3, D-06466 Seeland, OT Gatersleben, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology [Plant J] 2024 May; Vol. 118 (4), pp. 1071-1085. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 31.
DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16652
Abstrakt: Hybrid breeding is a promising strategy to quickly improve wheat yield and stability. Due to the usefulness of the Rht 'Green Revolution' dwarfing alleles, it is important to gain a better understanding of their impact on traits related to hybrid development. Traits associated with cross-pollination efficiency were studied using Near Isogenic Lines carrying the different sets of alleles in Rht genes: Rht1 (semi-dwarf), Rht2 (semi-dwarf), Rht1 + 2 (dwarf), Rht3 (extreme dwarf), Rht2 + 3 (extreme dwarf), and rht (tall) during four growing seasons. Results showed that the extreme dwarfing alleles Rht2 + 3, Rht3, and Rht1 + 2 presented the greatest effects in all the traits analyzed. Plant height showed reductions up to 64% (Rht2 + 3) compared to rht. Decreases up to 20.2% in anther length and 33% in filament length (Rht2 + 3) were observed. Anthers extrusion decreased from 40% (rht) to 20% (Rht1 and Rht2), 11% (Rht3), 8.3% (Rht1 + 2), and 6.5% (Rht2 + 3). Positive correlations were detected between plant height and anther extrusion, anther, and anther filament lengths, suggesting the negative effect of dwarfing alleles. Moreover, the magnitude of these negative impacts depends on the combination of the alleles: Rht2 + 3 > Rht3/Rht1 + 2 > Rht2/Rht1 > rht (tall). Reductions were consistent across genotypes and environments with interactions due to magnitude effects. Our results indicate that Rht alleles are involved in multiple traits of interest for hybrid wheat production and the need to select alternative sources for reduced height/lodging resistance for hybrid breeding programs.
(© 2024 The Authors. The Plant Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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