Factors associated with sensitisation to selected aero-allergens in children and adolescents with asthma followed up at Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon.

Autor: Eposse Ekoube C; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.; Department of Paediatrics, General Paediatrics Unit, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Douala, Cameroon., Abba S; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Endale Mangamba M; Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon., Mandeng Ma Linwa E; Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon., Tchouamo Pokem A; Department of Paediatics, Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Mbonjo Bitsie D; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Disso Massako J; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Heles Nsang E; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon., Ngo Linwa EE; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon., Kedy Mangamba Koum DC; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Pediatric pulmonology [Pediatr Pulmonol] 2024 May; Vol. 59 (5), pp. 1207-1216. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 30.
DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26883
Abstrakt: Introduction: In spite of the substantial impact of pediatric asthma on healthcare resources, there is a notable dearth of research focusing on allergen sensitization specifically in children and adolescents with asthma in Cameroon, with existing studies primarily concentrating on adult populations. We, therefore, set out to determine factors associated with sensitization to selected aero-allergens in children and adolescents with asthma followed up at Laquintinie Hospital Douala, Cameroon.
Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional analytical study on patients aged 2-17 years followed up for pediatric asthma at Laquintinie Hospital Douala for 8 months (January to August 2023). Skin prick tests were performed using selected standardized aeroallergens extracts. Factors associated with sensitization were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis. The threshold for significance was set at p < .05.
Results: In total, 126 children and adolescents with asthma were recruited, 50.79% of whom were male with an average age of 8.00 ± 3.99 years. Eight out of 10 patients (83.52%) were sensitized to common aero-allergens (20.59% monosensitized and 79.41% polysensitized). The most common aero-allergens found were the dust mites Dermatophagoïdes pteronyssinus (81.37%), Blomia tropicalis (67.64%) and Dermatophagoïdes farinae (52.94%) followed by Blatella species (25.49%). The factors independently associated with sensitization in our population were the personal history of allergic rhinitis in the patient [adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 4.07 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.41-11.76), b = 0.54, p = .009], chest tightness at rest [aOR: 5.92 (95% CI: 1.08-32.38), b = 0.87, p = .040), and age above 5 years [aOR: 4.65 (95% CI: 1.47-14.69), b = 0.59, p = .009).
Conclusion: Sensitization to multiple aeroallergens is common in children and adolescents with asthma, especially for dust mites and cockroaches. Factors associated with sensitization are patients aged >5 years, chest tightness at rest, and a personal history of allergic rhinitis.
(© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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