| Autor: |
Ornelas-Salas JT; Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Av. Adolfo López Mateos 1801, Ote. Fracc. Bona Gens, Aguascalientes C.P. 20256, Ags., Mexico.; Maestría en Procesos del Tequila, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Av. Patria 1201, Lomas del Valle 3ª Sección, Zapopan C.P. 45129, Jal., Mexico., Tapia-Picazo JC; Tecnológico Nacional de México-Instituto Tecnológico de Aguascalientes, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Av. Adolfo López Mateos 1801, Ote. Fracc. Bona Gens, Aguascalientes C.P. 20256, Ags., Mexico., De Leon-Rodriguez A; División de Biología Molecular, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, San Luis Potosí C.P. 78216, SLP, Mexico. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) [Foods] 2024 Jan 20; Vol. 13 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 20. |
| DOI: |
10.3390/foods13020334 |
| Abstrakt: |
The purpose of this study was to determine the origin, presence, and fate of the endocrine disruptor di-ethylhexil phthalate (DEHP) during tequila production. For this, three tequila factories (small, medium, and large) were monitored. DEHP concentrations in water, agave, additives, lubricating greases, neoprene seals, and materials of each stage process were analyzed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. DEHP mass balances were performed to identify the processes with significant changes in the inputs/outputs. DEHP was detected in agave at up to 0.08 ± 0.03 mg kg -1 , water 0.02 ± 0.01 mg kg -1 , lubricant greases 131.05 ± 2.80 mg kg -1 , and neoprene seals 369.11 ± 22.52 mg kg -1 . Whereas, tequila produced in the large, medium, and small factories contained 0.05 ± 0.01, 0.24 ± 0.04, and 1.43 ± 0.48 mg kg -1 DEHP, respectively. Furthermore, in waste materials (vinasses and bagasse) released, 534.26 ± 349.02, 947.18 ± 65.84, and 5222.60 ± 2836.94 mg of DEHP was detected for every 1000 L of tequila produced. The most significant increase in DEHP occurred during the sugar extraction and distillation stages. Results demonstrate that main raw materials, such as agave and water, contain DEHP, but lubricant greases and neoprene seals are the major sources of DEHP contamination. Identification of the contamination sources can help the tequila industry to take actions to reduce it, protect consumer health and the environment, and prevent circular contamination. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
