Humoral Immune Responses following COVID-19 Vaccinations among Adults in Tanzania.

Autor:	Bakari M; School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania., Aboud S; School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania.; National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 9653, Tanzania., Kasubi M; Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65000, Tanzania., Mmbando BP; National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 9653, Tanzania., Ntinginya NE; National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 9653, Tanzania., Sichalwe A; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Ubuguyu OS; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Magesa A; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Rutananukwa NL; National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 9653, Tanzania., Nyawale H; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania., Kisinda A; National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 9653, Tanzania., Beyanga M; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Horumpende PG; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Mhame PS; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Vumilia LM; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Mziray LS; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania., Mkala R; Benjamin Mkapa Hospital (BMH), Dodoma P.O. Box 11088, Tanzania., Shao E; Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), Moshi P.O. Box 3010, Tanzania.; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi P.O. Box 2240, Tanzania., Makubi A; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania.; Muhimbili Orthopaedics Institute (MOI), Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65474, Tanzania., Mshana SE; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza P.O. Box 1464, Tanzania., Kishimba R; Ministry of Health (MoH), Dodoma P.O. Box 743, Tanzania.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Vaccines [Vaccines (Basel)] 2023 Dec 23; Vol. 12 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 23.
DOI:	10.3390/vaccines12010022
Abstrakt:	COVID-19 vaccination remains to be the most important intervention in the fight against the pandemic. The immunity among the vaccinated population and its durability can significantly vary due to various factors. This study investigated the humoral immune responses among individuals who received any of the COVID-19 vaccines approved for use in Tanzania. A total of 1048 randomly selected adults who received COVID-19 vaccines at different time points were enrolled and humoral immune responses (IR) were tested at baseline and three months later (960, 91.6%). The level of SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike/receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG, anti-nucleocapsid IgG, and IgM antibodies were determined using a commercially available chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. Descriptive data analysis was performed using STATA version 18 and R. At baseline, serum IgG against anti-spike/RBD was detected in 1010/1048 (96.4%) participants (95%CI: 94.9-97.5) and 98.3% (95%CI: 97.3-99) three months later. The IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid proteins were detected in 40.8% and 45.3% of participants at baseline and follow-up, respectively. The proportion of seroconverters following vaccination and mean titers of anti-spike/RBD antibodies were significantly more among those who had past SARS-CoV-2 infection than in those with no evidence of past infection, ( p < 0.001). Only 0.5% of those who had detectable anti-spike/RBD antibodies at baseline were negative after three months of follow-up and 1.5% had breakthrough infections. The majority of participants (99.5%) had detectable anti-spike/RBD antibodies beyond 6 months post-vaccination. The proportion of Tanzanians who mounted humoral IR following COVID-19 vaccination was very high. Seroconversions, as well as the mean titers and durability of humoral IR, were significantly enhanced by exposure to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection. In view of the limited availability of COVID-19 vaccines as well as challenges to completing subsequent doses, booster doses could only be suggested to high-risk groups.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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