Deciphering Factors Linked With Reduced Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Susceptibility in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.

Autor:	Abela IA; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Hauser A; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Schwarzmüller M; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Pasin C; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Collegium Helveticum, Zurich, Switzerland., Kusejko K; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Epp S; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Cavassini M; Division of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland., Battegay M; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Rauch A; Department of Infectious Diseases, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Calmy A; Laboratory of Virology and Division of Infectious Diseases, Geneva University Hospital, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland., Notter J; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland., Bernasconi E; Division of Infectious Diseases, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale Lugano, University of Geneva and University of Southern Switzerland, Lugano, Switzerland., Fux CA; Department of Infectious Diseases, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland., Leuzinger K; Clinical Virology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland., Perreau M; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Ramette A; Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Gottschalk J; Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Schindler E; Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Wepf A; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland., Marconato M; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Manz MG; Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Frey BM; Blood Transfusion Service Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Braun DL; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Huber M; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Günthard HF; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Trkola A; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., Kouyos RD; Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of infectious diseases [J Infect Dis] 2024 Aug 16; Vol. 230 (2), pp. e292-e304.
DOI:	10.1093/infdis/jiae002
Abstrakt:	Background: Factors influencing susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remain to be resolved. Using data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study on 6270 people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and serologic assessment for SARS-CoV-2 and circulating human coronavirus (HCoV) antibodies, we investigated the association of HIV-related and general parameters with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test results, COVID-19-related hospitalizations, and deaths reported to the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 1 January 2020 and 31 December 2021. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were determined in prepandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020) biobanked plasma samples and compared with findings in HIV-negative individuals. We applied logistic regression, conditional logistic regression, and bayesian multivariate regression to identify determinants of SARS-CoV-2 infection and antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in people with HIV. Results: No HIV-1-related factors were associated with SARS-CoV-2 acquisition. High prepandemic HCoV antibodies were associated with a lower risk of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection and with higher SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses on infection. We observed a robust protective effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk (adjusted odds ratio, 0.46 [95% confidence interval, .38-.56]; P < .001), which occurred even in previous smokers and was highest for heavy smokers. Conclusions: Our findings of 2 independent protective factors, smoking and HCoV antibodies, both affecting the respiratory environment, underscore the importance of the local immune milieu in regulating susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest . I. A. A. has received honoraria from MSD and Sanofi, a travel grant from Gilead Sciences, and a grant from Promedica Foundation. M. C.’s institution received research grants and fees for expert opinion given to Gilead, MSD and ViiV. D. L. B. reports honoraria paid to himself for advisory boards from the companies AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Gilead, MSD and ViiV. H. F. G. reports honoraria from Gilead Sciences, Merck, ViiV, GSK, Janssen, Johnson and Johnson, and Novartis for serving on data and safety monitoring and/or advisory boards; a travel grant from Gilead Sciences; and grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the SHCS, the Yvonne Jacob Foundation, and the National Institutes of Health, as well as unrestricted research grants from Gilead Sciences, all paid to the author’s institution. A. T. has received honoraria from Roche Diagnostics for consultant activity; grants from the SNSF, the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, and the Pandemiefonds of the UZH Foundation; and unrestricted research grants from Gilead Sciences. R. D. K. has received grants from SNSF, the National Institutes of Health, and Gilead Sciences. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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