| Autor: |
Nofal AM; Sustainable Development Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt., Hamouda RA; Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt., Rizk A; Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta City 31527, Egypt., El-Rahman MA; Sustainable Development Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt., Takla AK; Sustainable Development Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt., Galal H; Pomology, Evaluation of Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt., Alqahtani MD; Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia., Alharbi BM; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia., Elkelish A; Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt., Shaheen S; Sustainable Development Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt. |
| Abstrakt: |
Fungal diseases have always been a major problem for cantaloupe crops; however, synthetic fungicides are hazardous to humans and the environment. Consequently, a feasible alternative to fungicides without side effects could be by using bio agents and naturally occurring plants with antibacterial potential. This study has achieved a novel procedure for managing wilt and root rot diseases by potentially using Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates in consortium with plant extract of Calotropis procera , Rhizoctonia solani , Fusarium oxysporum , and Pythium ultimum , which were isolated from infected cantaloupe roots with identified root rot symptoms. The antagonistic activity of four Trichoderma isolates and analysis of antibiotics and filtrate enzymes of the most active Trichoderma isolate were determined as well as phytochemical analysis of C. procera plant extract using HPLC-UV. The obtained results showed that all Trichoderma isolates considerably lowered the radial growth of P. ultimum , R. solani , and F. oxysporum in varying degrees. The scanning electron micrographs illustrate the mycoparasitic nature of Trichoderma sp. on F. oxysporum . The phytochemical analysis of C. procera indicated that phenolic contents were the major compounds found in extracts, such as vanillin (46.79%), chlorogenic acid (30.24%), gallic acid (8.06%), and daidzein (3.45%) but including only a low amount of the flavonoid compounds rutin, naringenin, and hesperetin. The Pot experiment's findings showed that cantaloupe was best protected against wilting and root rot diseases when it was treated with both Trichoderma sp. culture filtrates (10%) and C. procera extract of (15 mg/mL), both alone and in combination. This study demonstrates that the application of bio agent Trichoderma spp. filtrate with C. procera phenol extract appears useful for controlling wilting and root rot disease in cantaloupe. This innovative approach could be used as an alternative to chemical fungicide for the control of wilting and rot root diseases. |
