Biting behaviour, spatio-temporal dynamics, and the insecticide resistance status of malaria vectors in different ecological zones in Ghana.

Autor: Akuoko OK; Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.; African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Dhikrullahi SB; Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana., Hinne IA; Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CABNR, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA., Mohammed AR; African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana., Owusu-Asenso CM; Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana., Coleman S; Department of Clinical Microbiology - Vector Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry (SMD)-College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana., Dadzie SK; Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Kyerematen R; African Regional Post-Graduate Programme in Insect Science, College of Basic and Applied Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Boakye DA; Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Wilson MD; Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana., Afrane YA; Department of Medical Microbiology, Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases Research, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Korle-Bu, Accra, Ghana. yafrane@ug.edu.gh.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Parasites & vectors [Parasit Vectors] 2024 Jan 09; Vol. 17 (1), pp. 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 09.
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-06065-9
Abstrakt: Background: A significant decrease in malaria morbidity and mortality has been attained using long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Selective pressure from these control methods influences changes in vector bionomics and behavioural pattern. There is a need to understand how insecticide resistance drives behavioural changes within vector species. This study aimed to determine the spatio-temporal dynamics and biting behaviour of malaria vectors in different ecological zones in Ghana in an era of high insecticide use for public health vector control.
Methods: Adult mosquitoes were collected during the dry and rainy seasons in 2017 and 2018 from five study sites in Ghana in different ecological zones. Indoor- and outdoor-biting mosquitoes were collected per hour from 18:00 to 06:00 h employing the human landing catch (HLC) technique. Morphological and molecular species identifications of vectors were done using identification keys and PCR respectively. Genotyping of insecticide-resistant markers was done using the TaqMan SNP genotyping probe-based assays. Detection of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites was determined using PCR.
Results: A total of 50,322 mosquitoes belonging to four different genera were collected from all the study sites during the sampling seasons in 2017 and 2018. Among the Anophelines were Anopheles gambiae s.l. 93.2%, (31,055/33,334), An. funestus 2.1%, (690/33,334), An. pharoensis 4.6%, (1545/33,334), and An. rufipes 0.1% (44/33,334). Overall, 76.4%, (25,468/33,334) of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected in the rainy season and 23.6%, (7866/33,334) in the dry season. There was a significant difference (Z = 2.410; P = 0.0160) between indoor-biting (51.1%; 15,866/31,055) and outdoor-biting An. gambiae s.l. (48.9%; 15,189/31,055). The frequency of the Vgsc-1014F mutation was slightly higher in indoor-biting mosquitoes (54.9%) than outdoors (45.1%). Overall, 44 pools of samples were positive for P. falciparum CSP giving an overall sporozoite rate of 0.1%.
Conclusion: Anopheles gambiae s.l. were more abundant indoors across all ecological zones of Ghana. The frequency of G119S was higher indoors than outdoors from all the study sites, but with higher sporozoite rates in outdoor mosquitoes in Dodowa and Kpalsogu. There is, therefore, an urgent need for a supplementary malaria control intervention to control outdoor-biting mosquitoes.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje