Does Aerobic Exercise Increase Skeletal Muscle Mass in Female and Male Adults?

Autor:	Ross R, John E; School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, CANADA., McGlory C; School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, CANADA., Davidson LE; Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT., Stotz PJ; School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, CANADA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medicine and science in sports and exercise [Med Sci Sports Exerc] 2024 May 01; Vol. 56 (5), pp. 776-782. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 08.
DOI:	10.1249/MSS.0000000000003375
Abstrakt:	Introduction: It is uncertain whether aerobic exercise in the form of walking contributes to the preservation or increase in total or regional skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Purpose: This study aimed to determine the effects of aerobic exercise on total and regional (upper body verses leg SMM) in male ( n = 105) and female ( n = 133) adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from four randomized controlled trials. Participants included those who completed the given trial (control, n = 63; intervention, n = 175) and with complete magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measured adipose tissue and SMM pre- and postintervention. Macronutrient intake was assessed for a subsample of participants. Supervised exercise was performed by walking on a treadmill for durations ranging from 12 to 24 wk at intensities between 50% and 75% of V̇O 2peak . Results: All MRI-measured adipose tissue depots were reduced, and cardiorespiratory fitness was increased by aerobic exercise compared with controls ( P < 0.001). Independent of baseline SMM, aerobic exercise was associated with a small reduction (estimated mean difference ± standard error) in whole-body SMM (-0.310 ± 0.150 kg, P = 0.039) and upper body SMM (-0.273 ± 0.121 kg, P = 0.025) compared with control. No between-group difference was observed for change in leg SMM ( P > 0.10). A negative association was observed between the relative change in body weight and change in total ( R2 = 0.37, P < 0.001), upper body ( R2 = 0.21, P < 0.001), and leg SMM ( R2 = 0.09, P = 0.701). The SMM-to-adipose tissue ratio increased in response to aerobic exercise and was positively associated with weight loss ( P < 0.001). Change in SMM was not associated with dietary protein intake ( P > 0.10). Conclusions: Aerobic exercise performed while walking preserves, but does not increase, SMM in exercising muscle of adults. SMM not directly targeted by aerobic exercise may not be maintained. (Copyright © 2024 by the American College of Sports Medicine.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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