Combined versus independent effects of exercise training and intermittent fasting on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Khalafi M; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran. mousa.khalafi@kashanu.ac.ir., Symonds ME; Centre for Perinatal Research, Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK., Maleki AH; Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Sakhaei MH; Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran., Ehsanifar M; Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran., Rosenkranz SK; Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nutrition journal [Nutr J] 2024 Jan 06; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 7. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 06.
DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00909-x
Abstrakt: Introduction and Aim: Exercise training (Ex) and intermittent fasting (IF) are effective for improving body composition and cardiometabolic health overweight and obese adults, but whether combining Ex and IF induces additive or synergistic effects is less well established. We therefore, performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the combined versus independent effects of Ex and IF on body composition and cardiometabolic health in adults.
Method: An electronic search was conducted in three main online databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus, from inception to March 9, 2023 for studies involving Ex plus IF trials versus standalone Ex and/or IF interventions in adults. Interventions had a duration of ≥ 2 weeks. Standardized (SMD) or weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated in order to compare effects on body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat lean body mass (LBM), visceral fat, and waist circumference. For cardiometabolic health, outcomes included fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, and VO 2 max/peak.
Results: Ex plus IF decreased body weight [WMD: -3.03 kg (95% CI: -3.44 to -2.61), p = 0.001], BMI [WMD: -1.12 kg.m 2 (95% CI: -1.28 to -0.95), p = 0.001], body fat [SMD: -0.72 (95% CI: -1.23 to -0.21), p = 0.005], visceral fat [SMD: -0.34 (95% CI: -0.63 to -0.05), p = 0.01], and waist circumference [WMD: -2.63 cm (95% CI: -4.16 to -1.11), p = 0.001] more than Ex alone. However, changes in body composition and cardiometabolic health markers were not significantly different for Ex plus IF when compared with IF alone, with the exception of VO 2 max/peak [SMD: 0.55 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.97), p = 0.009].
Conclusion: We demonstrate that a combination of Ex and IF produces superior changes in body composition, but not in markers of cardiometabolic health when compared with Ex or IF alone. Ex plus IF could therefore be effective for weight and fat loss but has no additive or synergistic effects for other cardiometabolic health markers.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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