Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound phonophoresis with diclofenac alleviated inflammation and pain via downregulation of M1 macrophages in rats with carrageenan-induced knee joint arthritis.

Autor:	Sasaki R; Department of Rehabilitation, Juzenkai Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan., Sakamoto J; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan., Honda Y; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan., Motokawa S; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Rehabilitation Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan., Kataoka H; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Department of Rehabilitation, Nagasaki Memorial Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan., Origuchi T; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan., Okita M; Department of Physical Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.) [Neurobiol Pain] 2023 Dec 06; Vol. 15, pp. 100148. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 06 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1016/j.ynpai.2023.100148
Abstrakt:	Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) phonophoresis with diclofenac on inflammation and pain in the acute phase of carrageenan-induced arthritis in rats. Design: 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the arthritis, diclofenac, LIPUS, phonophoresis, and sham-arthritis control groups. LIPUS and transdermal diclofenac gel were applied to the lateral side of the inflamed knee for 7 days, initiated postinjection day 1. In the phonophoresis group, diclofenac gel was rubbed onto the skin, followed by LIPUS application over the medication. Knee joint transverse diameters, pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), and paw withdrawal thresholds (PWT) were evaluated. The number of CD68-, CD11c-, and CD206-positive cells, and IL-1β and COX-2 mRNA expression were analyzed 8 days after injection. Results: In the phonophoresis group, the transverse diameter, PPT, PWT significantly recovered at the day 8 compared to those in the LIPUS and diclofenac groups. The number of CD68- and CD11c-positive cells in the phonophoresis group was significantly lower than that in the LIPUS and diclofenac groups, but no significant differences were observed among three groups in CD206-positive cells. IL-1β and COX-2 mRNA levels were lower in the phonophoresis group than in the arthritis group, although there were no differences among the LIPUS, diclofenac, and phonophoresis groups. Conclusion: LIPUS phonophoresis with diclofenac is more effective to ameliorate inflammation and pain compared to diclofenac or LIPUS alone, and the mechanism involves the decrease of M1 macrophages. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2023 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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