New olive-pomace fertilizer tested with a 2-tiers approach: Biomarkers on Eisenia fetida, physiochemical effects on Solanum lycopersicum and Olea europaea.

Autor: Parri S; Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy., Campani T; Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: campani@unisi.it., Conti V; Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126, Bologna, Italy., Cai G; Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy., Romi M; Department of Life Science, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy., Casini S; Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy., Zari R; Studio ZARI Agronomi & Forestali, 53014, Monteroni d'Arbia, Siena, Italy., Caldini F; Caldini Guido s.r.l., 53030, Radicondoli, Siena, Italy., Marsili L; Department of Physical, Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2024 Feb; Vol. 351, pp. 119915. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119915
Abstrakt: Every year, the olive oil industry generates a substantial amount of pomace, a semi-solid residue made up of skin, pulp, pit, and kernel fragments. Rather than being disposed of, the pomace can be dried and transported to an extraction facility where pomace oil can be extracted. Utilizing its high thermal capacity, the extracted pomace can be used as a supplementary fuel in the drying process, resulting in the production of ashes. In this study, the effect of pomace waste applied to the soil was investigated by testing two mixtures with different proportions of de-oiled pomace flour and kernel ash (50:50 and 70:30, respectively) in powder and pellet form. We used a dual approach, evaluating the effects of the mixtures on both soil communities and plant physiology and productivity, to assess the actual usability of the fertilizer in agriculture. The biomarker approach was valuable in assessing the sublethal effects of the two mixtures in powder form in soil. After 30 days of exposure, the bioindicator organism Eisena fetida showed lipid peroxidation, glutathione S-transferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels similar to the control, while lysozyme activity was reduced in all treatments. The powder mixture was lethal to the tomato plants, while there was no evidence of any damage to the olive trees. During 60 days of monitoring, both mixtures in pellet form showed a slight increase in physiological parameters, suggesting a benefit to the photosynthetic system. The improved carbon assimilation in tomato plants treated with the mixtures results in increased plant productivity, both in terms of number and weight of fruits, while maintaining the antioxidant content. This study paves the way for the use of the pomace mixture as a soil improver, thus increasing the value of this waste product.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Marsili Letizia reports financial support was provided by Tuscany Region PSR Project Measure 16.2.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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