Recent Advances in Understanding Peripheral and Gut Immune Cell-Mediated Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Nephropathy.

Autor:	Saleem M; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Masenga SK; Mulungushi University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, HAND Research Group, Livingstone, Zambia (S.K.M.)., Ishimwe JA; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Demirci M; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Ahmad T; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.).; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan (T.A.)., Jamison S; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.).; School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN (S.J., C.F.A.)., Albritton CF; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.).; School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN (S.J., C.F.A.)., Mwesigwa N; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Porcia Haynes A; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., White J; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.).; Spelman College Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Atlanta, GA (J.W.)., Neikirk K; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (K.N., Z.V., A.H.)., Vue Z; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (K.N., Z.V., A.H.).; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology (Z.V., A.K.)., Hinton A Jr; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (K.N., Z.V., A.H.)., Arshad S; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Desta S; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.)., Kirabo A; Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (M.S., J.A.I., M.D., T.A., S.J., C.F.A., N.M., A.P.H., J.W., S.A., S.D., A.K.).; Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology (Z.V., A.K.).; Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation (A.K.).; Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health (A.K.).
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) [Hypertension] 2024 Mar; Vol. 81 (3), pp. 436-446. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 02.
DOI:	10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.123.22031
Abstrakt:	Hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular, renal, and cerebrovascular diseases and is considered the main contributing factor to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Approximately 50% of hypertensive and 25% of normotensive people exhibit salt sensitivity of blood pressure, which is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Human and animal studies demonstrate that the immune system plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of salt sensitivity of blood pressure, kidney damage, and vascular diseases. Antigen-presenting and adaptive immune cells are implicated in salt-sensitive hypertension and salt-induced renal and vascular injury. Elevated sodium activates antigen-presenting cells to release proinflammatory cytokines including IL (interleukin) 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and accumulate isolevuglandin-protein adducts. In turn, these activate T cells release prohypertensive cytokines including IL-17A. Moreover, high-salt intake is associated with gut dysbiosis, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and blood pressure elevation but the mechanistic contribution to salt-sensitivity of blood pressure is not clearly understood. Here, we discuss recent advances in research investigating the cause, potential biomarkers, and therapeutic targets for salt-sensitive hypertension as they pertain to the gut microbiome, immunity, and inflammation. Competing Interests: Disclosures None.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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