Risk factors and injury prevention strategies for overuse injuries in adult climbers: a systematic review.

Autor:	Quarmby A; Sports Medicine & Sports Orthopaedics, University of Potsdam, University Outpatient Clinic, Potsdam, Germany., Zhang M; Department of Sports Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Geisler M; Department of Sports Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Javorsky T; Department of Sports Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Mugele H; Department of Sports Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Cassel M; Sports Medicine & Sports Orthopaedics, University of Potsdam, University Outpatient Clinic, Potsdam, Germany., Lawley J; Department of Sports Science, Division of Performance Physiology and Prevention, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.; EURAC Research, Institute for Mountain Emergency Medicine, Bolzano, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in sports and active living [Front Sports Act Living] 2023 Dec 12; Vol. 5, pp. 1269870. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 12 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fspor.2023.1269870
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Climbing is an increasingly popular activity and imposes specific physiological demands on the human body, which results in unique injury presentations. Of particular concern are overuse injuries (non-traumatic injuries). These injuries tend to present in the upper body and might be preventable with adequate knowledge of risk factors which could inform about injury prevention strategies. Research in this area has recently emerged but has yet to be synthesized comprehensively. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the potential risk factors and injury prevention strategies for overuse injuries in adult climbers. Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched systematically, and articles were deemed eligible based upon specific criteria. Research included was original and peer-reviewed, involving climbers, and published in English, German or Czech. Outcomes included overuse injury, and at least one or more variable indicating potential risk factors or injury prevention strategies. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed with the Downs and Black Quality Index. Data were extracted from included studies and reported descriptively for population, climbing sport type, study design, injury definition and incidence/prevalence, risk factors, and injury prevention strategies. Results: Out of 1,183 records, a total of 34 studies were included in the final analysis. Higher climbing intensity, bouldering, reduced grip/finger strength, use of a "crimp" grip, and previous injury were associated with an increased risk of overuse injury. Additionally, a strength training intervention prevented shoulder and elbow injuries. BMI/body weight, warm up/cool downs, stretching, taping and hydration were not associated with risk of overuse injury. The evidence for the risk factors of training volume, age/years of climbing experience, and sex was conflicting. Discussion: This review presents several risk factors which appear to increase the risk of overuse injury in climbers. Strength and conditioning, load management, and climbing technique could be targeted in injury prevention programs, to enhance the health and wellbeing of climbing athletes. Further research is required to investigate the conflicting findings reported across included studies, and to investigate the effectiveness of injury prevention programs. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42023404031). Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (© 2023 Quarmby, Zhang, Geisler, Javorsky, Mugele, Cassel and Lawley.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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