| Autor: |
Wieringa N; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Droge STJ; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands., Ter Laak TL; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; KWR Water Research Institute, Groningenhaven 7, 3433 PE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands., Nair AAK; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Walker K; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Verdonschot PFM; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands.; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands., Kraak MHS; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology (FAME), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands. |
| Abstrakt: |
Contaminated sediments are ubiquitous repositories of pollutants and cause substantial environmental risks. Results of sediment bioassays remain difficult to interpret, however, as observed effects may be caused by a variety of (un)known stressors. This study aimed therefore to isolate the effects of hydrophobic organic contaminants from other (non)chemical stressors present in contaminated sediments, by employing a newly developed passive sampling-passive dosing (PSPD) test. The results showed that equilibrium partitioning between pesticides or polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated sediments and a silicone rubber (SR) passive sampler was achieved after 1-3 days. Chlorpyrifos concentrations in pore water of spiked sediment matched very well with concentrations released from the SR into an aqueous test medium, showing that SR can serve as a passive dosing device. Subjecting the 96 h PSPD laboratory bioassay with nonbiting midge ( Chironomus riparius ) larvae to field-collected sediments showed that at two locations, concentrations of the hydrophobic organic contaminant mixtures were high enough to affect the test organisms. In conclusion, the developed PSPD test was able to isolate the effects of hydrophobic organic contaminants and provides a promising simplified building block for a suite of PSPD tests that after further validation could be used to unravel the contribution of hydrophobic organic chemicals to sediment ecotoxicity. |
