| Autor: |
Chen CT; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Weng CC; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Fan KP; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan., Barman SR; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Pal A; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan., Liu CB; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Li YK; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Lin ZH; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.; Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan., Chang CC; Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.; Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan. |
| Abstrakt: |
Development of rapid detection strategies that target potentially pathogenic bacteria has gained increasing attention due to the increasing awareness for better health and safety. In this study, we evaluate an intrinsically antimicrobial polymer, 2Gdm, which is a poly(norbornene)-based functional polymer featuring guanidinium groups as side chains, for bacterial detection by the means of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and triboelectric nanosensors (TENSs). Attachment of bacteria to the sensing layer is anticipated to alter the overall triboelectric properties of the underlying polymer layer. The positively charged guanidinium functional groups can interact with the negatively charged phospholipid bilayer of bacteria and lead to bacterial death, which can then be detected by optical microscopy, X-ray photoelectron microscopy, and more advanced self-powered sensing techniques such as TENGs and TENSs. The double bonds present along the poly(norbornene) backbone allow for thermally induced cross-linking to obtain X-2Gdm and thus rendering materials remain stable in water. By monitoring the change in voltage output after immersion in various concentrations of Gram-negative Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae ( S. pneumoniae ), we have demonstrated the utility of X-2Gdm as a new polymer dielectric for autonomous bacterial detection. As the bacterial concentration increases, the amount of adsorbed bacteria also increases, resulting in a decrease in the surface potential of the X-2Gdm thin film; this reduction in surface potential can cause a decrease in the triboelectric output for both TENGs and TENSs, which serves as a key working mechanism for facile bacterial detection. TENG and TENS systems are capable of detecting E. coli and S. pneumoniae within a range of 4 × 10 5 to 4 × 10 8 CFU/mL with a limit of detection of 10 6 CFU/mL. This report highlights the promising prospects of employing TENGs and TENSs as innovative sensing technologies for rapid bacterial detection by leveraging the electrostatic interactions between bacterial cell membranes and cationic groups present on polymer surfaces. |
