Women's input and decision-making in agriculture are associated with diet quality in rural Tanzania.

Autor:	Madzorera I; Division of Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States.; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States., Bliznashka L; Nutrition, Diets, and Health Unit, International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, United States., Blakstad MM; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States., Bellows AL; Department of International Health (Human Nutrition), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States., Canavan CR; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States., Mosha D; Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Bromage S; Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States., Noor RA; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States., Webb P; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States., Ghosh S; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States., Kinabo JL; Department of Food Science Technology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania., Masanja H; Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania., Fawzi WW; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in public health [Front Public Health] 2023 Dec 06; Vol. 11, pp. 1215462. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Dec 06 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fpubh.2023.1215462
Abstrakt:	Background: Women's empowerment is one critical pathway through which agriculture can impact women's nutrition; however, empirical evidence is still limited. We evaluated the associations of women's participation, input, and decision-making in key agricultural and household activities with women's diet quality. Methods: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of 870 women engaged in homestead agriculture. We used food frequency questionnaires to assess women's diets and computed women's diet quality using the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) (range 0-42), which captures healthy and unhealthy foods. We evaluated women's decision-making in 8 activities, food crop farming, cash crop farming, livestock raising, non-farm economic activities, wage/salary employment, fishing, major household expenditures, and minor household expenditures. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) linear models were used to evaluate associations between (a) women's participation, (b) decision-making, (c) adequate input, (d) adequate extent of independence in decision-making in agriculture, and (e) adequate input in use of agricultural income with their PDQS. Adequate input was defined as input into some, most or all decisions compared to input into few decisions or none. Adequate extent of independence was defined as input to a medium or high extent compared to input to a small extent or none. Findings: Median PDQS was 19 (IQR: 16-21). Women's adequate input in decision-making on wage and salary employment (estimate: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.80, 5.57) and minor expenditures were associated with higher PDQS vs. inadequate input. Women with independence in decision-making on livestock production (estimate: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.90) and minor household expenditures, and women with adequate decision-making in the use of income from wages/salaries (estimate: 3.16, 95% CI: 2.44, 3.87) had higher PDQS. Participation in agricultural activities was positively associated with PDQS. Conclusions: Women's participation and input in decision-making in wage and salary employment, livestock production, and minor household expenditures were strongly associated with the consumption of better-quality diets. Women participating in multiple farm activities were also likely to have better diet quality. This study adds to the growing evidence on the pathways through which women's empowerment may influence women's nutrition in rural Tanzania. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Madzorera, Bliznashka, Blakstad, Bellows, Canavan, Mosha, Bromage, Noor, Webb, Ghosh, Kinabo, Masanja and Fawzi.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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