Generating synthetic images from cone beam computed tomography using self-attention residual UNet for head and neck radiotherapy.

Autor:	Yoganathan SA; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Aouadi S; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Ahmed S; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Paloor S; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Torfeh T; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Al-Hammadi N; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Hammoud R; Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Physics and imaging in radiation oncology [Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol] 2023 Nov 17; Vol. 28, pp. 100512. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 17 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1016/j.phro.2023.100512
Abstrakt:	Background and Purpose: Accurate CT numbers in Cone Beam CT (CBCT) are crucial for precise dose calculations in adaptive radiotherapy (ART). This study aimed to generate synthetic CT (sCT) from CBCT using deep learning (DL) models in head and neck (HN) radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: A novel DL model, the 'self-attention-residual-UNet' (ResUNet), was developed for accurate sCT generation. ResUNet incorporates a self-attention mechanism in its long skip connections to enhance information transfer between the encoder and decoder. Data from 93 HN patients, each with planning CT (pCT) and first-day CBCT images were used. Model performance was evaluated using two DL approaches (non-adversarial and adversarial training) and two model types (2D axial only vs. 2.5D axial, sagittal, and coronal). ResUNet was compared with the traditional UNet through image quality assessment (Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Structural Similarity Index (SSIM)) and dose calculation accuracy evaluation (DVH deviation and gamma evaluation (1 %/1mm)). Results: Image similarity evaluation results for the 2.5D-ResUNet and 2.5D-UNet models were: MAE: 46±7 HU vs. 51±9 HU, PSNR: 66.6±2.0 dB vs. 65.8±1.8 dB, and SSIM: 0.81±0.04 vs. 0.79±0.05. There were no significant differences in dose calculation accuracy between DL models. Both models demonstrated DVH deviation below 0.5 % and a gamma-pass-rate (1 %/1mm) exceeding 97 %. Conclusions: ResUNet enhanced CT number accuracy and image quality of sCT and outperformed UNet in sCT generation from CBCT. This method holds promise for generating precise sCT for HN ART. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Society of Radiotherapy & Oncology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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